Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Dr. Srini Devadas and Dr. Eric Lehman's "Number Theory I"

Read this lecture, which provides an introduction to decanting (see the Die Hard example on pages 5-7) and the Euclidean algorithm.

Click http://web.archive.org/web/20160427210920/http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-042j-mathematics-for-computer-science-spring-2005/lecture-notes/l6_numtheory1.pdf link to open resource.