Examples of animism in the following topics:
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- Animal culture refers to cultural learning in non-human animals through socially transmitted behaviors.
- Animal culture refers to cultural learning in non-human animals through socially transmitted behaviors.
- There are other learned activities that have been exhibited by animals as well.
- Though the idea of culture in animals has only been around for just over half of a century, scientists have been noting social behaviors of animals for centuries.
- Formulate a thesis which defends the idea that non-human animals have culture
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- These range from the major (such as the goddess of the sun), which can be considered polytheistic, to the minor, which are more likely to be seen as a form of animism.
- Because humans are considered a part of nature, rather than superior to, or separate from it, animists see themselves on roughly equal footing with other animals, plants, and natural forces, and subsequently have a moral imperative to treat these agents with respect.
- Animism is thought to be the belief system that laid the groundwork for the notion of a soul and the animation of traditionally inanimate objects, allowing every world religion to take those basic principles in other directions.
- Though earlier philosophers such as Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas discussed animism, the formal definition was postulated by Sir Edward Taylor late in the 19th century.
- Identify some of the key elements of animism and at least one real life instantiation
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- The hunter-gatherer way of life is based on the consumption of wild plants and wild animals.
- Typically, in hunter-gatherer societies, men hunt wild animals while women gather fruits, nuts, roots, and other vegetation.
- Women also hunt smaller wild animals.
- In a pastoralist society, the primary means of subsistence are domesticated animals (livestock).
- Like hunter-gatherers, pastoralists are often nomadic, moving seasonally in search of fresh pastures and water for their animals.
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- Ritual actions are not only characteristic of human cultures; animal rituals exist as well.
- Many animal species use ritualized actions to court or to greet each other, or to fight.
- At least some ritualized actions have very strong selective purpose in animals.
- For example, ritualized fights often help avoid or limit strong physical violence between conflicting animals.
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- Berk (1974) uses game theory (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/game_Theory) to suggest that even a panic in a burning theater can reflect rational calculation: If members of the audience decide that it is more rational to run to the exits than to walk, the result may look like an animal-like stampede without in fact being irrational.
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- Those who see language as being mostly innate, such as Steven Pinker, hold the precedents to be animal cognition, whereas those who see language as a socially learned tool of communication, such as Michael Tomasello, see it as having developed from animal communication, either primate gestural or vocal communication.
- Theories that stress continuity often look at animals to see if, for example, primates display any traits that can be seen as analogous to what pre-human language must have been like.
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- The concept is based on studies of social animals, which have shown a correlation between the typical frontal brain capacity the members of a species has and the maximum size of the groups in which they live.
- Like animals, the number of relationships the human brain can handle is large but not unlimited .
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- Similarly for Melanesians, mana primarily inhabits objects, like charms or amulets, which confer good fortune to whoever possesses them (though mana can also inhabit people or animals).
- In general, The term religion is reserved for an organized cult with a priesthood and dedicated sites of worship or sacrifice, while magic is prevalent in all societies, regardless of whether they have organized religion or more general systems of animism or shamanism.
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- A hunter-gatherer society is one in which most or all food is obtained by gathering wild plants and hunting wild animals, in contrast to agricultural societies which rely mainly on domesticated species.
- Only a few contemporary societies are classified as hunter-gatherers, and many supplement their foraging activity with farming or raising domesticated animals.
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- Trade routes and new world conquests devastated indigenous populations, while being exposed to new pathogens and newly domesticated animals.
- Trade routes and New World conquests devastated indigenous populations, as they were exposed to new pathogens and newly domesticated animals.