Examples of reformative social movements in the following topics:
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- The diagram below illustrates how a social movement may either be alternative, redemptive, reformative or revolutionary based on who the movement strives to change and how much change the movement desires to bring about .
- Scope: A movement can be either reform or radical.
- A reform movement advocates changing some norms or laws while a radical movement is dedicated to changing value systems in some fundamental way.
- A reform movement might be a trade union seeking to increase workers' rights while the American Civil Rights movement was a radical movement.
- Based on who a movement is trying to change and how much change a movement is advocating, Aberle identified four types of social movements: redemptive, reformative, revolutionary and alternative.
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- Sociologists draw distinctions between social movements and social movement organizations (SMOs).
- A social movement organization is a formally organized component of a social movement.
- Thus, promoting veganism would be considered the social movement, while PETA would be considered a particular SMO (social movement organization) working within the broader social movement.
- In large part, these oppositional groups formed because the women's movement advocated for reform in conservative religions.
- Discover the difference between social movements and social movement organizations, as well as the four areas social movements operate within
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- The Second Great Awakening, which spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching, sparked a number of reform movements.
- Social reform prior to the Civil War came largely out of this new devotion to religion.
- Thus, evangelical converts were leading figures in a variety of 19th century reform movements.
- Reforms took the shape of social movements for temperance, women's rights, and the abolition of slavery.
- Social activists began efforts to reform prisons and care for the handicapped and mentally ill.
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- Although the Progressive Era was a period of social progress, it also had multiple, contradictory goals that impeded reform efforts.
- Although the Progressive Era was a period of broad reform movements and social progress, it was also characterized by loose, multiple, and contradictory goals that impeded the efforts of reformers and often pitted political leaders against one another, most drastically in the Republican Party.
- Although significant advancements were made in social justice and reform on a case by case basis, there was little local effort to coordinate reformers on a wide platform of issues.
- Racism often pervaded most progressive reform efforts, as evidenced by the suffrage movement.
- Finally, many Progressive achievements were frustrated by the federal court system, which struck down laws regulating child labor, and by lack of resources and funds to fully implement social and political plans of reform.
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- The Second Great Awakening spurred waves of social change and reform.
- The Second Great Awakening stimulated the establishment of many reform movements designed to remedy the evils of society before the anticipated Second Coming of Jesus Christ.
- Efforts to apply Christian teaching to the resolution of social problems presaged the Social Gospel of the late 19th century.
- Thus, evangelical converts were leading figures in a variety of 19th century reform movements.
- Social activism influenced abolition groups and supporters of the temperance movement.
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- A major component was the Social Gospel Movement, which applied Christianity to social issues and gained its force from the Awakening, as did the worldwide missionary movement.
- The Social Gospel movement was the Protestant Christian intellectual movement most prominent in the early 20th century United States and Canada.
- Important concerns of the Social Gospel movement were labor reforms, such as abolishing child labor and regulating the hours of work by mothers.
- Most began programs for social reform, which led to ecumenical cooperation and, in 1910, in the formation of the Federal Council of Churches, although this cooperation about social issues often led to charges of socialism.
- Analyze the rise of the Social Gospel Movement in the late nineteenth century
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- Progressive reformers tried to achieve social justice by targeting poverty and all forms of social and political corruption.
- American progressivism is defined as a broadly based reform movement that was largely middle class and reformist in nature.
- Rather than any dominating party affiliation, therefore, American progressives shared a common goal of wielding federal power to pursue a sweeping range of social, environmental, political, and economic reforms.
- The Progressive Era witnessed an increasing interest in social reforms.
- In sum, the "Progressive Era" is a broadly construed term that refers to a myriad of social, cultural, and political reform movements advocated by otherwise disparate interest groups and political parties that were reacting to the modernizing, industrializing economic and social situation that arose by the turn of the century.
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- Social movements do not have to be formally organized.
- A distinction is drawn between social movements and social movement organizations (SMOs).
- A social movement organization is a formally organized component of a social movement.
- It is also interesting to note that social movements can spawn counter movements.
- For instance, the women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s resulted in a number of counter movements that attempted to block the goals of the women's movement, many of which were reform movements within conservative religions.
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- Dissatisfaction on the part of the growing middle class with the corruption and inefficiency of politics as usual, and the failure to deal with increasingly important urban and industrial problems, led to the dynamic Progressive Movement starting in the 1890s.
- The Progressive Movement lasted through the 1920s; the most active period was 1900–18.
- Furthermore, racism often pervaded most progressive reform efforts, as evidenced by the suffrage movement.
- At the local, municipal, and state level, various Progressive reformers advocated for disparate goals that ranged as wide as prison reform, education, government reorganization, urban improvement, prohibition, female suffrage, birth control, improved working conditions, labor reform, and child labor reform.
- Although significant advancements were made in social justice and reform on a case by case basis, there was little local effort to coordinate reformers on a wide platform of issues.