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In 1784, the name "Charlotte County" was changed to Washington County to honor George Washington, the American Revolutionary War general and later President of the United States of America.
In 1788, Washington County was reduced in size by the splitting off of Clinton County. This was a much larger area than the present Clinton County, including several other counties or county parts of the present New York State. Washington County was slightly enlarged by the transfer of the Town of Cambridge from Albany County to Washington County in 1791.
In 1813, Warren County was split off from Washington County.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,413 km² (932 mi²). 2,251 km² (869 mi²) of it is land and 162 km² (62 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 6.69% water.
There are 25,726 households out of which 30.70% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.90% are married couples living together, 10.40% have a female householder with no husband present, and 33.70% are non-families. 27.30% of all households are made up of individuals and 11.30% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.41 and the average family size is 2.93.
In the county the population is spread out with 24.00% under the age of 18, 7.50% from 18 to 24, 28.20% from 25 to 44, 25.10% from 45 to 64, and 15.20% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 39 years. For every 100 females there are 94.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.00 males.
The median income for a household in the county is $39,198, and the median income for a family is $46,793. Males have a median income of $32,922 versus $22,279 for females. The per capita income for the county is $20,727. 9.70% of the population and 7.20% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 14.10% are under the age of 18 and 5.90% are 65 or older.
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