New Courses with Simulations, Applets and Visualizations in all departments from MIT OpenCourseWare, provider of free and open MIT course materials. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/simulations/ 2022-02-11T17:21:26+05:00 MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu en-US Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm The goal of the Climate Primer website is to summarize the most important lines of evidence for human-caused climate change. It confronts the stickier questions about uncertainty in our projections, engages in a discussion of risk and risk managment, and concludes by presenting different options for taking action. We hope that the facts prepare you for more effective conversations with your community about values, trade-offs, politics, and actions.    https://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-env-005-climate-science-risk-solutions-a-climate-primer-fall-2020 Fall 2020 Emanuel, Kerry 2020-12-16T14:00:22+05:00 en-US climate change climate science sea level rise storms ocean acidification emissions carbon adaptation geoengineering MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This class will study the behavior of photovoltaic solar energy systems, focusing on the behavior of "stand-alone" systems. The design of stand-alone photovoltaic systems will be covered. This will include estimation of costs and benefits, taking into account any available government subsidies. Introduction to the hardware elements and their behavior will be included. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/edgerton-center/ec-s07-photovoltaic-solar-energy-systems-fall-2004 Fall 2004 Bucciarelli, Louis 2015-03-17T17:23:12+05:00 EC.S07 en-US solar radiation solar flux photovoltaics solar gain solar energy solar energy collection systems design cost-benefit analysis green energy hardware stand-alone collectors flat-plate collectors PV stations utilities MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This class covers basic concepts of nuclear physics with emphasis on nuclear structure and interactions of radiation with matter. Topics include elementary quantum theory; nuclear forces; shell structure of the nucleus; alpha, beta and gamma radioactive decays; interactions of nuclear radiations (charged particles, gammas, and neutrons) with matter; nuclear reactions; fission and fusion. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/nuclear-engineering/22-02-introduction-to-applied-nuclear-physics-spring-2012 Spring 2012 Cappellaro, Paola 2013-01-17T14:39:40+05:00 22.02 en-US radiation nuclear structure quantum theory quantum mechanics nuclear reaction nuclear fission nuclear fusion radioactive decay MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm The laws of nature are expressed as differential equations. Scientists and engineers must know how to model the world in terms of differential equations, and how to solve those equations and interpret the solutions. This course focuses on the equations and techniques most useful in science and engineering. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-03sc-differential-equations-fall-2011 Fall 2011 Mattuck, Arthur Miller, Haynes Orloff, Jeremy Lewis, John 2012-02-08T19:08:08+05:00 18.03SC en-US Ordinary Differential Equations ODE modeling physical systems first-order ODE's Linear ODE's second order ODE's second order ODE's with constant coefficients Undetermined coefficients variation of parameters Sinusoidal signals exponential signals oscillations damping resonance Complex numbers and exponentials Fourier series periodic solutions Delta functions convolution Laplace transform methods Matrix systems first order linear systems eigenvalues and eigenvectors Non-linear autonomous systems critical point analysis phase plane diagrams MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This course covers matrix theory and linear algebra, emphasizing topics useful in other disciplines such as physics, economics and social sciences, natural sciences, and engineering. It parallels the combination of theory and applications in Professor Strang’s textbook Introduction to Linear Algebra. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06sc-linear-algebra-fall-2011 Fall 2011 Strang, Gilbert 2012-01-24T21:18:50+05:00 18.06SC en-US matrix theory linear algebra systems of equations vector spaces determinants eigenvalues similarity positive definite matrices least-squares approximations stability of differential equations networks Fourier transforms Markov processes MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm Differential Equations are the language in which the laws of nature are expressed. Understanding properties of solutions of differential equations is fundamental to much of contemporary science and engineering. Ordinary differential equations (ODE's) deal with functions of one variable, which can often be thought of as time. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-03-differential-equations-spring-2010 Spring 2010 Miller, Haynes Mattuck, Arthur 2011-03-16T18:26:50+05:00 18.03 en-US Ordinary Differential Equations ODE modeling physical systems first-order ODE's Linear ODE's second order ODE's second order ODE's with constant coefficients Undetermined coefficients variation of parameters Sinusoidal signals exponential signals oscillations damping resonance Complex numbers and exponentials Fourier series periodic solutions Delta functions convolution Laplace transform methods Matrix systems first order linear systems eigenvalues and eigenvectors Non-linear autonomous systems critical point analysis phase plane diagrams MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This calculus course covers differentiation and integration of functions of one variable, and concludes with a brief discussion of infinite series. Calculus is fundamental to many scientific disciplines including physics, engineering, and economics. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-01sc-single-variable-calculus-fall-2010 Fall 2010 Jerison, David 2011-01-12T17:16:43+05:00 18.01SC en-US differentiation of functions integration of functions limits continuity differentiation rules extremum problems definite integration indefinite integration fundamental theorem of calculus techniques of integration approximation of definite integrals improper integrals l'Hôpital's rule MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This course covers differential, integral and vector calculus for functions of more than one variable. These mathematical tools and methods are used extensively in the physical sciences, engineering, economics and computer graphics. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-02sc-multivariable-calculus-fall-2010 Fall 2010 Auroux, Denis 2010-12-20T16:04:13+05:00 18.02SC en-US calculus calculus of several variables vector algebra determinants matrix matrices vector-valued function space motion scalar function partial differentiation gradient optimization techniques double integrals line integrals exact differential conservative fields Green's theorem triple integrals surface integrals divergence theorem Stokes' theorem applications MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This class serves as an introduction to mass transport in environmental flows, with emphasis given to river and lake systems. The class will cover the derivation and solutions to the differential form of mass conservation equations. Class topics to be covered will include: molecular and turbulent diffusion, boundary layers, dissolution, bed-water exchange, air-water exchange and particle transport. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/civil-and-environmental-engineering/1-061-transport-processes-in-the-environment-fall-2008 Fall 2008 Nepf, Heidi 2009-06-23T20:15:58+05:00 1.061 1.61 en-US river systems lake systems scalar transport in environmental flows momentum transport in environmental flows stratification in lakes buoyancy-driven flows settling and coagulation air-water exchange bed-water exchange phase partitioning dissolution boundary layers molecular diffusion turbulent diffusion water transportation advection aquatic systems conservation of mass derivation Diffusion dispersion environmental flows instantaneous point source lakes mass transport particle transport rivers scaling transport turbulence water flow 1.061 1.61 MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This undergraduate class is designed to introduce students to the physics that govern the circulation of the ocean and atmosphere. The focus of the course is on the processes that control the climate of the planet.AcknowledgmentsProf. Ferrari wishes to acknowledge that this course was originally designed and taught by Prof. John Marshall. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/earth-atmospheric-and-planetary-sciences/12-003-atmosphere-ocean-and-climate-dynamics-fall-2008 Fall 2008 Ferrari, Raffaele 2009-06-17T19:24:35+05:00 12.003 en-US 1. Characteristics of the atmosphere Characteristics of the atmosphere global energy balance greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Atmospheric layers pressure and density Convection adiabatic lapse rate Humidity Convective clouds Temperature Pressure and geopotential height Winds Fluids in motion Hydrostatic balance Incompressible flow compressible flow radial inflow Geostrophic motion Taylor-Proudman Theorem Ekman layer Coriolis force Rossby number Hadley circulation ocean seawater salinity geostrophic and hydrostatic balance inhomogeneity Abyssal circulation thermohaline circulation MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm Here we will learn about the mechanical behavior of structures and materials, from the continuum description of properties to the atomistic and molecular mechanisms that confer those properties to all materials. We will cover elastic and plastic deformation, creep, fracture and fatigue of materials including crystalline and amorphous metals, semiconductors, ceramics, and (bio)polymers, and will focus on the design and processing of materials from the atomic to the macroscale to achieve desired mechanical behavior. We will cover special topics in mechanical behavior for material systems of your choice, with reference to current research and publications. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/materials-science-and-engineering/3-22-mechanical-behavior-of-materials-spring-2008 Spring 2008 van Vliet, Krystyn 2009-05-19T20:02:44+05:00 3.22 en-US Phenomenology mechanical behavior material structure deformation failure elasticity viscoelasticity plasticity creep fracture fatigue metals semiconductors ceramics polymers microstructure composition semiconductor diodes thin films carbon nanotubes battery materials superelastic alloys defect nucleation student projects viral capsides MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This freshman-level course is the second semester of introductory physics. The focus is on electricity and magnetism. The subject is taught using the TEAL (Technology Enabled Active Learning) format which utilizes small group interaction and current technology. The TEAL/Studio Project at MIT is a new approach to physics education designed to help students develop much better intuition about, and conceptual models of, physical phenomena. Staff List Visualizations: Prof. John Belcher Instructors: Dr. Peter Dourmashkin Prof. Bruce Knuteson Prof. Gunther Roland Prof. Bolek Wyslouch Dr. Brian Wecht Prof. Eric Katsavounidis Prof. Robert Simcoe Prof. Joseph Formaggio Course Co-Administrators: Dr. Peter Dourmashkin Prof. Robert Redwine Technical Instructors: Andy Neely Matthew Strafuss Course Material: Dr. Peter Dourmashkin Prof. Eric Hudson Dr. Sen-Ben Liao   Acknowledgements The TEAL project is supported by The Alex and Brit d'Arbeloff Fund for Excellence in MIT Education, MIT iCampus, the Davis Educational Foundation, the National Science Foundation, the Class of 1960 Endowment for Innovation in Education, the Class of 1951 Fund for Excellence in Education, the Class of 1955 Fund for Excellence in Teaching, and the Helena Foundation. Many people have contributed to the development of the course materials. (PDF) https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02-physics-ii-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2007 Spring 2007 Faculty, Lecturers, and Technical Staff, Physics Department 2008-01-25T05:04:44+05:00 8.02 en-US electromagnetism electrostatics electric charge Coulomb's law electric structure of matter conductors dielectrics electrostatic field potential electrostatic energy Electric currents magnetic fields Ampere's law Magnetic materials Time-varying fields Faraday's law of induction electric circuits Electromagnetic waves Maxwell's equations MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm 6.002 is designed to serve as a first course in an undergraduate electrical engineering (EE), or electrical engineering and computer science (EECS) curriculum. At MIT, 6.002 is in the core of department subjects required for all undergraduates in EECS. The course introduces the fundamentals of the lumped circuit abstraction. Topics covered include: resistive elements and networks; independent and dependent sources; switches and MOS transistors; digital abstraction; amplifiers; energy storage elements; dynamics of first- and second-order networks; design in the time and frequency domains; and analog and digital circuits and applications. Design and lab exercises are also significant components of the course. 6.002 is worth 4 Engineering Design Points. The 6.002 content was created collaboratively by Profs. Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey H. Lang. The course uses the required textbook Foundations of Analog and Digital Electronic Circuits. Agarwal, Anant, and Jeffrey H. Lang. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Elsevier, July 2005. ISBN: 9781558607354. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-002-circuits-and-electronics-spring-2007 Spring 2007 Agarwal, Anant 2008-01-04T06:10:54+05:00 6.002 en-US Fundamentals of the lumped circuit abstraction Resistive elements and networks independent and dependent sources switches and MOS devices digital abstraction amplifiers and energy storage elements Dynamics of first- and second-order networks design in the time and frequency domains analog and digital circuits and applications MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This course offers an introduction to the basic concepts of the quantum theory of solids. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-231-physics-of-solids-i-fall-2006 Fall 2006 Wen, Xiao-Gang 2007-12-04T22:59:23+05:00 8.231 en-US periodic structure symmetry of crystals diffraction reciprocal lattice chemical bonding lattice dynamics phonons thermal properties free electron gas model of metals Bloch theorem band structure nearly free electron approximation tight binding method Fermi surface semiconductors electrons holes impurities optical properties excitons magnetism. MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This course focuses on the latest scientific developments and discoveries in the field of nanomechanics, the study of forces and motion on extremely tiny (10-9 m) areas of synthetic and biological materials and structures. At this level, mechanical properties are intimately related to chemistry, physics, and quantum mechanics. Most lectures will consist of a theoretical component that will then be compared to recent experimental data (case studies) in the literature. The course begins with a series of introductory lectures that describes the normal and lateral forces acting at the atomic scale. The following discussions include experimental techniques in high resolution force spectroscopy, atomistic aspects of adhesion, nanoindentation, molecular details of fracture, chemical force microscopy, elasticity of single macromolecular chains, intermolecular interactions in polymers, dynamic force spectroscopy, biomolecular bond strength measurements, and molecular motors. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/materials-science-and-engineering/3-052-nanomechanics-of-materials-and-biomaterials-spring-2007 Spring 2007 Ortiz, Christine 2007-11-02T06:56:06+05:00 3.052 en-US biology biological engineering cells AFM atomic force microscope nanoindentation gecko malaria nanotube collagen polymer seashell biomimetics molecule atomic bonding adhesion quantum mechanics physics chemistry protein DNA bone lipid MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This course deals with mechanics of deformation of the crust and mantle, with emphasis on the importance of different rheological descriptions: brittle, elastic, linear and nonlinear fluids, and viscoelastic. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/earth-atmospheric-and-planetary-sciences/12-520-geodynamics-fall-2006 Fall 2006 Hager, Bradford 2007-04-20T04:33:49+05:00 12.520 en-US Geodynamics crust mantle rheological descriptions brittle deformation elastic deformation viscous deformation viscoelastic deformation plastic deformation nonlinear fluids stress strain MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm 6.630 is an introductory subject on electromagnetics, emphasizing fundamental concepts and applications of Maxwell equations. Topics covered include: polarization, dipole antennas, wireless communications, forces and energy, phase matching, dielectric waveguides and optical fibers, transmission line theory and circuit concepts, antennas, and equivalent principle. Examples deal with electrodynamics, propagation, guidance, and radiation of electromagnetic waves. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-630-electromagnetics-fall-2006 Fall 2006 Kong, Jin Au 2007-03-13T03:41:43+05:00 6.630 en-US electromagnetics Maxwell polarization dipole antennas wireless communications forces energy phase matching dielectric waveguides optical fibers transmission line theory circuit antennas equivalent principle electrodynamics propagation guidance radiation electromagnetic waves MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This course presents a tutorial on the ToBI (Tones and Break Indices) system, for labelling certain aspects of prosody in Mainstream American English (MAE-ToBI). The course is appropriate for undergrad or grad students with background in linguistics (phonology or phonetics), cognitive psychology (psycholinguistics), speech acoustics or music, who wish to learn about the prosody of speech, i.e. the intonation, rhythm, grouping and prominence patterns of spoken utterances, prosodic differences that signal meaning and phonetic implementation. Please submit any feedback about the course content using the user survey. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-911-transcribing-prosodic-structure-of-spoken-utterances-with-tobi-january-iap-2006 January IAP 2006 Veilleux, Nanette Shattuck-Hufnagel, Stefanie Brugos, Alejna 2006-11-09T02:29:42+05:00 6.911 en-US ToBI system Tones and Break Indices prosodic structure spoken utterances American English ToBI tutorial labelling sample utterances linguistics phonology phonetics cognitive psychology psycholinguistics speech acoustics or music prosody of speech intonation rhythm grouping prosodic differences phonetic implementation MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This course is offered both to undergraduates (6.041) and graduates (6.431), but the assignments differ. 6.041/6.431 introduces students to the modeling, quantification, and analysis of uncertainty. Topics covered include: formulation and solution in sample space, random variables, transform techniques, simple random processes and their probability distributions, Markov processes, limit theorems, and elements of statistical inference. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-041-probabilistic-systems-analysis-and-applied-probability-spring-2006 Spring 2006 Dahleh, Munther 2006-11-06T23:49:58+05:00 6.041 6.431 en-US probabilistic systems probabilistic systems analysis applied probability uncertainty uncertainty modeling uncertainty quantification analysis of uncertainty uncertainty analysis sample space random variables transform techniques simple random processes probability distribution Markov process limit theorem statistical inference 6.041 6.431 MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm This course focuses on the fundamentals of structure, energetics, and bonding that underpin materials science. It is the introductory lecture class for sophomore students in Materials Science and Engineering, taken with 3.014 and 3.016 to create a unified introduction to the subject. Topics include: an introduction to thermodynamic functions and laws governing equilibrium properties, relating macroscopic behavior to atomistic and molecular models of materials; the role of electronic bonding in determining the energy, structure, and stability of materials; quantum mechanical descriptions of interacting electrons and atoms; materials phenomena, such as heat capacities, phase transformations, and multiphase equilibria to chemical reactions and magnetism; symmetry properties of molecules and solids; structure of complex, disordered, and amorphous materials; tensors and constraints on physical properties imposed by symmetry; and determination of structure through diffraction. Real-world applications include engineered alloys, electronic and magnetic materials, ionic and network solids, polymers, and biomaterials. This course is a core subject in MIT's undergraduate Energy Studies Minor. This Institute-wide program complements the deep expertise obtained in any major with a broad understanding of the interlinked realms of science, technology, and social sciences as they relate to energy and associated environmental challenges. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/materials-science-and-engineering/3-012-fundamentals-of-materials-science-fall-2005 Fall 2005 Irvine, Darrell Marzari, Nicola 2006-11-03T21:32:40+05:00 3.012 en-US bonding energetics structure antibonding hydrogen Quantum mechanics electron atom molecule molecular dynamics MD Symmetry properties solid gas liquid phase matter; molecular geometry complex and disordered materials thermodynamics equilibrium property macroscopic behavior molecular model heat capacity phase transformation multiphase equilibria chemical reaction magnetism engineered alloy electronic and magnetic material ionic solid network solid polymer biomaterial glass liquid crystal LCD matter molecular geometry MIT OpenCourseWare https://ocw.mit.edu Content within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see https://ocw.mit.edu/terms/index.htm