Enzymes
1. What are catalysts?
2. What amount of catalyst is
consumedin thereactionit
catalyzes?
3. Is there a difference
between the initial and the
final energy levels in
catalyzed and non-catalyzed
reactions?
4. What are enzymes? What is
the importance of enzymes for
living beings?
5. What is meant by
substrates of enzymatic
reactions?
6. What are the main
theoretical models that try to
explain the formation of the
enzyme-substrate complex?
7. How does the formation of
the enzyme-substrate
complex explain the reduction
of the activation energy of
chemical reactions?
8. On what structural level of
the enzyme (primary,
secondary, tertiary or quaternary) does the enzyme substrate interaction depend?
9. What is the activation
center of an enzyme? Is it the
key or the lock of the lock and
key model?
10. Why can it be said that the
enzymatic action is highly
specific?
11. What happens to a
denatured enzyme regarding
its functionality? How can that
result be explained with the
help of the lock and key
model?
12. What are the main factors
that alter the speed of
enzymatic reactions?
13. How does the substrate
concentration affect the speed
of enzymatic reactions?
14. How does temperature
affect the action of enzymes
upon their substrates?
15. Concerning enzymatic
reactions, how different are
the graphic curve of the
variation of the speed of a
reaction as function of
substrate concentration and
the curve of variation of the
speed of a reaction as function
of temperature?
16. How is the cooling of
organs and tissues for medical
transplants associated with
the effect of temperature
upon enzymatic reactions?
17. Does pH affect the enzyme
activity?
18. Do enzymes act better
under acid or basic pH?
19. Since pepsin is a gastric
enzyme does it have an acid
or basic optimum pH? What
happens to pepsin when it
passes into the duodenum?
20. What are enzyme
cofactors?
21. What is the relationship
between vitamins and enzyme
cofactors?
22. For the enzymatic reaction
what is the effect of a
substance with the same
spatial conformation as an
enzymatic substrate? How is
this type of substance known?
23. What is the action
mechanism of the antibiotic
penicillin?
24. What is the action
mechanism of the
antiretroviral drugs called
protease inhibitors which are
used against HIV infection?
25. What are allosteric
enzymes?
26. What are zymogens?