Mendel's Laws
- 1. Who was Gregor Mendel?
- 2. What in Genetics is
hybridization? - 3. What is monohybridism?
- 4. Considering hybridization in
a trait like the colour of the
flowers of a given plant
species (red dominant / yellow
recessive) conditioned by a
pair of different alleles, what
are the phenotypical results of
the first generation (F1) and
the phenotypical results of the
second generation (F2, formed
by crossing among F1
genotypes)? Whatare the
phenotypical proportions in F1
and F2? - 5. Considering hybridization in
a trait like the colour of the
flowers of a given plant
species (red / yellow)
conditioned by a pair of
different alleles in relation to
complete dominance (red
dominant / yellow recessive),
why in the F1 generation is
one of the colours missing? - 6. Considering hybridizationin
a given trait like the colour of
the hair of a mammalian
species (white / black)
conditioned by a pair of
different alleles under
complete dominance (black
dominant, B / white recessive,
w), how can the phenotypical
proportion obtained in the F2
generation be explained?
What is this proportion? - 7. What is meant by saying
that in relation to a given trait
conditioned by a gene with
two different alleles the
gametes are always “pure”? - 8. What is the Mendel’s first
law? - 9. Which is the type of gamete
(for a given trait) produced by
a dominant homozygous
individual? What is the
genotypical proportion of
these gametes? What about a
recessive homozygous
individual? - 10. Which is the type of
gamete produced by a
heterozygous individual?
What is the genotypical
proportion of these gametes? - 11. In the F2 generation of a
hybridization for a given trait
conditioned by a pair of alleles
T and t, according to Mendel’s
first law what are the
genotypes of each
phenotypical form? How many
respectively are the
genotypical and phenotypical
forms? - 12. Why can the crossing of an
individual that manifests
dominant phenotype with
another that manifests
recessive phenotype (for the
same trait) determine
whether the dominant
individual is homozygous or
heterozygous? - 13. What is a genetic family
tree? - 14. What are the main
conventional symbols and
signs used in genetic family
trees? - 15. What are the three main
steps for a good study of a
genetic family tree? - 16. What is Mendel’s second
law? - 17. What is the condition for
Mendel’s second law to be
valid? - 18. According to Mendel’s
second law, in the crossing
between homozygous
individuals concerning two
pairs of nonlinked alleles,
AABB x aaBB, what are the
genotypical and phenotypical
proportions in F1 and F2? - 19. Considering independent
segregation of all factors, how
many types of gametes does a
VvXXWwYyzz individual
produce? What is the formula
to determinate such number? - 20. How is it possible to
obtain the probability of
emergence of a given
genotype formed of more than
one pair of different alleles
with independent segregation
from the knowledge of the
parental genotypes?