Fraus

Fraus Walker, 1856

Fraus Walker, 1856; List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 7: 1549 (key), 1564; TS: Fraus simulans Walker
Hectomanes Meyrick, 1890; Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2) 4 (4): 1118 (key), 1125 (repl. Fraus Walker, 1856); TS: Fraus simulans Walker
- = ; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)

Praus[sic, recte Fraus]; Pagenstecher, 1909
Fraus ("Hepialidae"); [AUCL]
Fraus (Hepialidae); [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)

Fraus minima Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus minima Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 123; TL: Australia
- Fraus minima; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus megacornis Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus megacornis Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 125; TL: Australia
- Fraus megacornis; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus bilineata Walker, 1865 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus bilineata Walker, 1865; List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 32: 595; TL: Adelaine
  - = Fraus simulans ; [NHM card]
- Hectomanes compsenta Lower, 1892; (nomen nudum)
  - = ; [AUCL]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
- Fraus bilineata; [AUCL]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus basicornis Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus basicornis Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 127; TL: Australia
- Fraus basicornis; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus tedi Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus tedi Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 129; TL: Australia
- Fraus tedi, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus tedi; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus quadrangula Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus quadrangula Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 130
- Fraus quadrangula; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus marginispina Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus marginispina Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 132; TL: Australia
- Fraus marginispina, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus marginispina; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus orientalis Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus orientalis Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 133; TL: New South Wales
- Fraus orientalis; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus pteromela (Lower, 1892) S.Australia. See [maps]
- Hectomanes pteromela Lower, 1892; Trans. R. Soc. S. Austr. 15: 5; TL: S.Australia
- Fraus pteromela, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus pteromela; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus serrata Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus serrata Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 137
- Fraus serrata; [AUCL]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus latistria Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Tasmania
- Fraus latistria Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 138; TL: Tasmania
- Fraus latistria, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus latistria; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus linogyna Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus linogyna Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 139; TL: Australia
- Fraus linogyna, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus linogyna; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus distispina Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus distispina Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 141; TL: Australia
- Fraus distispina; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus mediaspina Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus mediaspina Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 142; TL: Australia
- Fraus mediaspina; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus biloba Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australai
- Fraus biloba Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 143; TL: Australia
- Fraus biloba; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus basidispina Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus basidispina Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 145; TL: Australia
- Fraus basidispina; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus nanus (Herrich-Schäffer, [1853]) AU. See [maps]
- Epiolus nanus Herrich-Schäffer, [1853]; Samml. aussereurop. Schmett. (I) 1 (3): pl. 10, f. 46
- Fraus nanus, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus nanus; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus furcata Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus furcata Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 148; TL: Australia
- Fraus furcata; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus pilosa Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus pilosa Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 150; TL: Australia
- Fraus pilosa; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus fusca (Lucas, 1891) Tasmania, Australia. See [maps]
- Hectomanes fusca Lucas, 1891; Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2) 6 (2): 283; TL: Australia
- Hectomanes rufula Turner, 1927; Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 1926: 163; TL: Tasmania
  - = ; [AUCL]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
- Fraus fusca, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus rufula; [NHM card]
- Fraus fusca; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus crocea (Lucas, 1891) Australia. See [maps]
- Hectomanes crocea Lucas, 1891; Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2) 6 (2): 283; TL: Australia
- Fraus crocea, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus crocea; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus simulans Walker, 1856 Tasmania, Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus simulans Walker, 1856; List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 7: 1564; TL: Tasmania
- Hectomanes noserodes Meyrick, 1890; Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2) 4 (4): 1126; TL: Sydney
  - = ; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list); [AUCL]
- Fraus simulans, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus noserodes; [NHM card]
- Fraus simulans; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus polyspila (Meyrick, 1890) Australia (Victoria). See [maps]
- Hectomanes polyspila Meyrick, 1890; Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2) 4 (4): 1127; TL: Victoria
- Fraus polyspila, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus polyspila; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus griseomaculata Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989 Australia. See [maps]
- Fraus griseomaculata Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989; Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 161; TL: Australia
- Fraus griseomaculata, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
- Fraus griseomaculata; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)
Fraus pelagia (Turner, 1927) Tasmania
- Hectomanes pelagia Turner, 1927; Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 1926: 164; TL: Tasmania
- Fraus pelagia; [AUCL]; [NHM card]; Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000, J. Nat. Hist. 34: 835 (list)

8.8.2016 (25)

References:

[Don Herbison-Evans] and Stella A. Crossley
Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans
[NHM] Natural History Museum
The Global Lepidoptera Names Index; Butterflies and Moths of the World; Generic Names and their Type-species
[UTAS] University of Tasmania
The Library Open Repository
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

Some related literature:

Herrich-Schäffer, [1853]
Sammlung neuer oder wenig bekannter aussereuropäischer Schmetterlinge, 1850-[1869]: Heterocera (Nachfalter) Samml. aussereurop. Schmett. (I) 1 (1): pl. 1-4, f. 1-17 (1853), 1 (2): pl. 5-8, f. 18-38 (1853), 1 (3): pl. 9-12, f. 39-51 (1853), 1 (4): pl. 13-16, f. 52-76 (1853), 1 (5): pl. 17-20, f. 77-97 (1854), 1 (6): pl. 21-24, f. 98-114 (1854), 1 (7): pl. [25-28], f. 115-138 (1854), 1 (8): pl. [29-32], f. 139-153 (1854), 1 (9): pl. [33-36], f. 154-173 (1854), 1 (10): pl. [37-40], f. 174-201 (1854), 1 (11): pl. [41-44], f. 202-231 (1854), 1 (12): pl. [45-48], f. 232-258 (1854), 1 (13-17): pl. 49-68, f. 259-390 (1855), 1 (?18): pl. [69], f. 391-396 (1858), 1 (?19): pl. [70], f. 397-403 (1858), 1 (?20-21): pl. 71-78, f. 404-451 (1855), 1 (?22): pl. [79], f. 452-458 (1858), 1 (23-25): pl. 80-94, f. 459-540 (1856), 1 (26): pl. [95-96], f. 541-551 (1858), 1: 1-52 (1856), 1: 53-84 (1858), 2: pl. [97-100], f. 552-571 (1869)
Lower, 1892
Descriptions of New South Australian Lepidoptera Trans. R. Soc. S. Austr. 15 : 5-17
Lucas, 1891
On Queensland and other Australian Lepidoptera, with Description of New Species Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2) 6 (2) : 277-306
Meyrick, 1890
Revision of Australian Lepidoptera. III Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. (2) 4 (4) : 1117-1216
Nielsen & Kristensen, 1989
Primitive Ghost Moths Monogr. Austral. Lepid. 1: 1-206
[AUCL]; Nielsen & Rangsi, 1996
Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia Monogr. Aust. Lepid. 4: 1-529
Nielsen, Robinson & Wagner, 2000
Ghostmoths of the world: a global inventory and bibliography of the Exoporia J. Nat. Hist. 34 : 823-878
Turner, 1927
New and little known Tasmanian Lepidoptera, Part II Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 1926 : 119-164
Walker, 1856
List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 1: 1-278 (1854), 2: 279-581 (1854), 3: 583-775 (1855), 4: 777-976 (1855), 5: 977-1258 (1855), 6: 1259-1508 (1855), 7: 1509-1808 (1856)
Walker, 1865
List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 31: 1-322 ([1865]), 32: 323-706 (1865), 33: 707-1120 (1865), 34: 1121-1534 ([1866]), 35: 1535-2040 (1866)

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.

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