Parnassius

ochotskensis
533x400 (~73Kb) upperside female A flowery slope of the coastal terrace at the Burgauli River mouth on the south (Ochot Sea) coast of the Koni Peninsula, Ola District, S Magadan Province, Russia. 17th July, 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	400x533 (~50Kb) underside male A flowery slope of the coastal terrace on the Cape Alevina - the south-west ending of the Koni Peninsula, Ola District, S Magadan Province, Russia. 15th July, 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	500x334 (~57Kb) upperside female Tundra on the terrace of the southern coast of the Koni Peninsula, S Magadan Province, 17th July 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
500x500 (~88Kb) underside male A tundrous coastal terrace at the Burgauli River mouth on the south (Ochot Sea) coast of the Koni Peninsula, Ola District, S Magadan Province, Russia. 13th July, 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

ochotskensis

533x400 (~73Kb) upperside female A flowery slope of the coastal terrace at the Burgauli River mouth on the south (Ochot Sea) coast of the Koni Peninsula, Ola District, S Magadan Province, Russia. 17th July, 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

400x533 (~50Kb) underside male A flowery slope of the coastal terrace on the Cape Alevina - the south-west ending of the Koni Peninsula, Ola District, S Magadan Province, Russia. 15th July, 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

500x334 (~57Kb) upperside female Tundra on the terrace of the southern coast of the Koni Peninsula, S Magadan Province, 17th July 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

500x500 (~88Kb) underside male A tundrous coastal terrace at the Burgauli River mouth on the south (Ochot Sea) coast of the Koni Peninsula, Ola District, S Magadan Province, Russia. 13th July, 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Parnassius apollo var. albus Rebel & Rogenhofer, 1892; Jb. Wiener ent. Ver. 3: 60; TL: Austrian Silesia

Parnassius apollo albus; Fruhstorfer, 1906, Soc. Ent. 21 (18): 138; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 240; [NHM card]

graslini (Oberthür)

Parnassius apollo graslini; Fruhstorfer, 1906, Soc. Ent. 21 (18): 139

Parnassius glacialis noguchii Arakawa, 1936; Rhop. Mag. Tokyo 1: 34; TL: Japan

Parnassius simo galenus Fruhstorfer, 1907; Soc. Ent. 22 (8): 58; TL: Altyn-tag, Lob-nor

Parnassius delius var. ruckbeili Deckert, 1909; Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1909: 108; TL: Lob Noor

Parnassius phoebus ruckbeili; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 231

Parnassius discobolus var. tancrei Deckert, 1909; Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1909: 108; TL: Lob Noor

Parnassius actius var. urumtsiensis Deckert, 1909; Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1909: 109; TL: Urumtsi
?Parnassius actius urumtsiensis Verity, 1906; Rhopalocera Palaearctica (5-6): 60, pl. 13, f. 7-8

?Parnassius actius urumtsiensis Verity, 1906; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 250

Parnassius delphius vn. tancrei Austaut, 1910; Ent. Zs. 24 (11): 55

Parnassius ruckbeili ab. virginea Austaut, 1910; Ent. Zs. 24 (11): 55

Parnassius tancrei ab. cocles Austaut, 1912; Int. Ent. Zs. 5 (59): 359, f. 2

Parnassius tancrei ab. cocles; Austaut, 1912, Int. Ent. Zs. 5 (51): 365, f. 2

Parnassius rueckbeili ab. leucostigma Austaut, 1912; Int. Ent. Zs 6 (13): 87

Parnassius smintheus ab. fermata Bryk, 1921; Ent. Tidskr. 42: 112

Parnassius mnemosyne bureschi Bryk, 1921; Ent. Tidskr. 42: 115, f. 5-6; TL: Hudowa, Macedonia

Parnassius apollo ab. kitti Bryk, 1921; Ent. Tidskr. 42: 117

Parnassius apollo var. wenzeli Bryk, 1921; Ent. Tidskr. 42: 117

Parnassius mnemosyne constantinii Verity, 1919; Atti Soc. ital. 58: 162

Parnassius apollo valderiensis Turati & Verity, 1911; Rhopalocera Palaearctica (26-29): 309, (30-36) pl. 55, f. 15-16; TL: Alpes Maritimes

Parnassius apollo valderiensis; Fruhstorfer, 1910, Ent. Zs. 24 (28): 156 [nom. nud.?]; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 237

Parnassius delphius intermedia Verity, [1907]; Rhopalocera Palaearctica (26-29): 316, (7-8) pl. 18, f. 8-9; TL: Kuldja

Parnassius delphius var. intermedia; Bang-Haas, 1915, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 29 (2/3): 154, pl. 4, f. 7
Parnassius delphius intermedia; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 255

Parnassius delphius var. candidatus Bang-Haas, 1915; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 29 (2/3): 158; TL: Tianschan; Juldus (Kuldsca, Ili, Issykkul)

Parnassius bashahricus Bang-Haas, 1915; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 29 (2/3): 175, pl. 5, f. 22, 27; TL: Stargyusa, Bashahr

Parnassius apollo pumilus f. bimacula Stauder, 1921; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 35 (1/2): 26

Parnassius discobolus ab. privignatus Krulikovsky, 1906; Soc. Ent. 21 (7): 50

Parnassius apollo euappenninus Verity, 1914; Boll. Soc. ent. ital. 45: 204, 206; TL: Sibillini

Parnassius apollo euapenninus[sic, recte euappenninus]; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 236

Parnassius apollo f. pentagonalis Stauder, 1923; Ent. Anz. 3 (1): 1

Parnassius apollo f. felkeli Stauder, 1923; Ent. Anz. 3 (1): 1

Parnassius apollo f. hypermelas Stauder, 1923; Ent. Anz. 3 (1): 1

Parnassius stubbendorfi baeckeri Kotzsch, 1929; Ent. Zs. 43: 205; TL: Kansu, Lassu, 45km NW Sining and Nyamen, 2700m

Parnassius stubbendorfi var. tartarus Austaut, 1895; Naturaliste 17: 39; TL: Kuku Nor

Parnassius stubbendorfi tartarus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 226

Parnassius stubbendorfi var. tsingtana Bang-Haas, 1910; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 24 (3): 28

Parnassius stubbendorfi tsingtana; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 227

Parnassius stubbendorfi ab. usuzumi Ushoda, 1938; Ent. World Tokyo 6: 158

Parnassius bremeri ab. albidus Sheljuzhko, 1908; Rev. russ. ent. 7 (4): 233

Parnassius eversmanni var. maui Püngeler

Parnassius eversmanni maui; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 228

Parnassius apollo melliculus Stichel, 1906; Berl. Ent. Z. 51: 87; TL: Donauwörth, Regensburg

Parnassius apollo melliculus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 239

Parnassius apollo pumilus Stichel, 1906; Berl. Ent. Z. 51: 88, pl. 2, f. 14

Parnassius apollo pumilus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 236

Parnassius imperator venustus Stichel, 1906; Berl. Ent. Z. 51: 91

Parnassius apollo var. scandinavica Harcourt-Bath, 1896; Entomologist 29: 331

Parnassius apollo scandinavica; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 234

Parnassius apollo norvegicus Menthe, 1912; Int. Ent. Zs. 6: 244; TL: Arendal, Norway

Parnassius apollo norvegicus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 234

Parnassius apollo meridionalis Pagenstecher, 1909; Jb. Nassau. Ver. Nat. 62: 129; TL: Upper Alsace, Simdgar

Parnassius apollo meridionalis; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 234

Parnassius apollo lozerae Oberthür

Parnassius apollo lozerae; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 234

Parnassius apollo argagonicus Bryk

Parnassius apollo argagonicus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 236

Parnassius apollo f. siciliae Oberthür, 1891; Étud. d'Ent. 14: 4, 16, pl. 3, f. 22

Parnassius apollo siciliae; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 236

Parnassius apollo rothschildi Verity, 1911; Rhopalocera Palaearctica (26-29): 310, pl. 57, f. 15

Parnassius apollo rothschildi; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 236

Parnassius apollo apenninus Stichel, 1907; in Wytsman, Genera Ins. 58: 26

Parnassius apollo apenninus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 237

Parnassius apollo turatii Rothschild, 1918; Novit. Zool. 25: 237 (preocc.); TL: Macugnaga, Monte Rosa, 1400m

Parnassius apollo suevicus Pagenstecher, 1909; Jb. Nassau. Ver. Nat. 62: 134; TL: Schwabische Alb

Parnassius apollo suevicus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 238

Parnassius apollo marcianus Pagenstecher, 1909; Jb. Nassau. Ver. Nat. 62: 132; TL: Schmarzwald

Parnassius apollo marcianus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 238

Parnassius apollo vinningensis Stichel, 1899; Ins. Börse 16: 303; TL: Winningen

Parnassius apollo vinningensis; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 238

Parnassius apollo silesianus Marschner, 1909; Berl. Ent. Zs. 54: 72; TL: Rabenfels

Parnassius apollo silesianus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 239

Parnassius apollo friburgensis Strand, 1914; Lepid. Niepeltiana (1): 57, pl. 7, f. 7-8; TL: Fürstensteiner Grund

Parnassius apollo friburgensis; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 239

Parnassius apollo glocnerica Verity, 1911; Rhopalocera Palaearctica (26-29): 310, pl. 61, f. 10-11; TL: Grossglockner

Parnassius apollo glocnerica; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 239

Parnassius apollo f. montana Stichel, 1906; Gross-Schmett. Erde 1: 24, pl. 13 a; TL: Stilfserjoch, S.Tyrol

Parnassius apollo montanus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 240

Parnassius apollo var. brittingeri Rebel & Rogenhofer, 1892; Jb. Wiener ent. Ver. 3: 59, pl. 1, f. 1; TL: Styria, Austrian Limestone Mts

Parnassius apollo var. brittingeri; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 240

Parnassius apollo strambergensis Strand, 1912; Verh. Ver. Brünn. 1: 63; TL: Stramberg

Parnassius apollo strambergensis; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 241

Parnassius apollo candidus Verity, 1911; Rhopalocera Palaearctica (26-29): 308, pl. 54, f. 7; TL: Barlangliget

Parnassius apollo candidus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 241

Parnassius apollo var. liburnicus Rebel & Rogenhofer, 1892; Jb. Wiener ent. Ver. 3: 61; TL: Velebit

Parnassius apollo liburnicus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 241

Parnassius apollo bosniensis Stichel, 1899; Ins. Börse 16: 303; TL: Bosnia

Parnassius apollo bosniensis; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 242

Parnassius apollo grajus Stichel, 1907; in Wytsman, Genera Ins. 58: 26; TL: Roumelia

Parnassius apollo grajus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 242

Parnassius apollo auerspergi Rebel, 1911; Verh. zool-bot. Ges. Wien 61: 44, f. 2; TL: Djivizli Han ALadagh, Cilician Taurus

Parnassius apollo auerspergi; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 242

Parnassius apollo dubius Bryk, 1912; Jb. Nassau. Ver. Nat. 65: 24

Parnassius apollo dubius; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 242

Parnassius apollo var. hesobolus Nordmann, 1851; Bull. Soc. imp. Nat. Moscou 24 (2): 425; TL: Mongolia

Parnassius apollo hesobolus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 245

Parnassius nomion transbaicalensis Verity, 1911; Rhopalocera Palaearctica (5-6): 65, (9-10) pl. 14, f. 7; TL: Transbaikalia

Parnassius nomion transbaicalensis; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 247

Parnassius discobolus Staudinger, 1881; Stettin ent. Ztg 42 (7-9): 275; TL: Thian Shan

Parnassius discobolus discobolus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 248

Parnassius discobolus var. suberbus Grum-Grshimailo, 1890; in Romanoff, Mém. Lép. 4: 180; TL: Rochan, Afghanistan

Parnassius discobolus suberbus; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 249

Parnassius jacquemontii var. tatsienluica Verity, 1906; Rhopalocera Palaearctica (5-6): 63, (24-25) pl. 24, f. 3-8; TL: Ta-tsien-lu

Parnassius jacquemontii tatsienluica; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 251

Parnassius beresowskyi Staudinger, 1901; Cat. Lep. palaearct. Faunengeb. 1: 6; TL: Amdo

Parnassius beresowskyi; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 251

Parnassius epaphus huwei Fruhstorfer, 1903; Stettin ent. Ztg 64 (2): 360; TL: Aksu, Chinese Turkestan

Parnassius epaphus huwei; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 252

Parnassius epaphus altynensis Stichel, 1907; Gross-Schmett. Erde 1: 30; TL: Altyn Tag

Parnassius epaphus altynensis; Rothschild, 1918, Novit. Zool. 25: 252

Parnassius nordmanni ab. ochroleuca Austaut, 1911; Ent. Zs. 24 (40): 224

Parnassius delphius f. desipiens Stauder, 1924; Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 14 (1-5): 59

Parnassius delphius f. juno Stauder, 1924; Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 14 (1-5): 60

Parnassius delphius f. inaequata Stauder, 1924; Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 14 (1-5): 60

Parnassius delphius f. normanniides Stauder, 1924; Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 14 (1-5): 60

Parnassius delphius f. fere azona [= fereazona] Stauder, 1924; Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 14 (1-5): 60

Parnassius delphius f. leucostigma Stauder, 1924; Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 14 (1-5): 60

Parnassius delphius f. agraphomena Stauder, 1924; Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 14 (1-5): 60

Some related literature:

Abadjiev, 2002
Types of Balkan butterflies in the collection of The Natural History Museum, London Neue Ent. Nachr. 53 : 3-53
Ackery, 1973
A list of the type specimens of Parnassius (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in the British Museum (Natural History) Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.) 29 : 1-35, 1pl
Ackery, 1975
A guide to the genera and species of Parnassinae (Lepidoptera : Papilionidae) Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent. 31 (4) : 71-105, pl. 1-16
Alphéraky, 1881
Lépidoptères du district de Kouldjà et des montagnes environnantes. (1-3) Horae Soc. ent. Ross. 16 (3-4): 334-435, pl. 14-15 (1881), 17 (1-2): 15-103, pl. 1-3 (1882), 17 (3-4): 156-227, pl. 8-9 (1883)
Alphéraky, 1887
Diagnoses de quelques lépidoptères inédits du Thibet in Romanoff, Mem. lép. 3 : 403-406
Arakawa, 1936
Description of a new Parnassius from Japan Rhop. Mag. Tokyo 1 : 34
Arnold, 1909
Auf der Suche nach Parnassius nordmanni Ent. Zs. 23 (36) : 159-161
Austaut, 1889
Les Parnassiens de la Faune Paléarctique Parnassiens Palearct. : 1-223, pl. 1-32
Austaut, 1891
Deux Parnassius nouveaux de l'Asie Centrale Naturaliste 13 : 180
Austaut, 1895
Notice sur le Parnassius poeta Oberthür et sur une variété inédite de cette espèce Naturaliste 17 : 247-248
Austaut, 1899
Notice sur deux Parnassius asiatiques nouveaux Naturaliste 21 (296) : 154
Austaut, 1899
Lepidoptères nouveaux de l'Asie Le Naturaliste 21 : 285
Austaut, 1906
Notice sur quelques espèces nouvelles ou peu connues du genre Parnassius Ent. Zs. 20 : 66-68
Austaut, 1910
Notice sur quelques Parnassius nouveaux Ent. Zs. 24 (11) : 55-56
Austaut, 1911
Lépidoptères nouveaux Ent. Zs. 24 (40) : 224-225
Austaut, 1911
Lépidoptères asiatiques nouveaux Ent. Zs. 24 (44) : 242-244
Austaut, 1912
Notice sur quelques formes aberrantes de Parnassius et sur une espèce du genre Oeneis Int. Ent. Zs. 5 (59) : 359-361
Austaut, 1912
Einige Aberrationen aus der Gattung Parnassius und eine neue Art von Oeneis Int. Ent. Zs. 5 (51) : 365-367
Austaut, 1912
Lépidoptères asiatiques nouveaux Int. Ent. Zs 6 (13) : 87-89
Avinoff, 1910
[Contribution à la faune des Rhopaloceres du Pamir] (in Russian) Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 39 : 225-246, pl. 14
Avinoff, 1910
[New forms of Rhopalocera from Fergana] (in Russian) Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 39 : 247-250, pl. 14
Avinoff, 1913
Quelques formes nouvelles du genre Parnassius Latr. [Russian] Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 40 (5) : 1-21, pl. 2
Avinoff, 1916
Some new forms of Parnassius (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1915 : 351-360, pl. 52-54
Avinoff, 1922
Notice sur Parnassius acdestis Gr. Gr. in Oberthür, Étud. Lépid. Comp. 19 (2): 45-70, pl. 547-548
Bang-Haas, 1910
Neue oder wenig bekannte palaearktische Macrolepidopteren Dt. ent. Z. Iris 24 (3) : 27-51, pl. 3-4
Bang-Haas, 1912
Neue oder wenig bekannte palaearktische Makrolepidopteren. (IV-VI) Dt. ent. Z. Iris 26 (2): 103-110 (1912), (3): 139-162 (1912), (4): 229-230, pl. 6 (1913)
Bang-Haas, 1915
Rhopalocera der Chotan-Ausbeite 1914 Dt. ent. Z. Iris 29 (2/3) : 92-100
Bang-Haas, 1915
Zur Kenntnis von Parnassius delphius Eversm. und verwandter Arten Dt. ent. Z. Iris 29 (2/3) : 148-170, pl. 4-5
Bang-Haas, 1915
Einiges über Parnassius Dt. ent. Z. Iris 29 (2/3) : 170-175, pl. 5
Bang-Haas, 1927
Horae Macrolepidopterologicae Regionis Palaearcticae Horae Macrolep. Palaearct. 1 : 1-128, pl. 1-11
Bang-Haas, 1928
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearktischen Macrolepidopterenfauna I Ent. Zs. 42 : 59-61
Bang-Haas, 1932
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearktischen Macrolepidopterenfauna III Ent. Zs. 46 : 200
Bang-Haas, 1933
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearktischen Macrolepidopterenfauna IV Ent. Zs. 46 : 261-263
Bang-Haas, 1934; Bang-Haas, 1935
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearktischen Macrolepidopterenfauna. VIII-XVII Ent. Zs. 48 (1): 7-8, (2): 16, (6): 48, (7): 56, (9): 71-72, (14): 108-110, (16): 128, (17): 135, (19): 152 (1935), (23): 183-184 (1935)
Bang-Haas, 1935
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearktischen Macrolepidopterenfauna. XVIX-XX Ent. Zs. 49 (5): 35, (14): 111-112
Bang-Haas, 1937
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearktischen Macrolepidopterenfauna. XXXI Int. Ent. Zs. 51 : 302-304
Bang-Haas, 1938
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearactischen Macrolepidoptera. XXXIV. Eine Parnassius-Ausbeute aus dem westlichen Minschan-Gebirge Parnassiana 5 : 56-59
Bang-Haas, 1938
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearactischen Macrolepidoptera. XXXVII Parnassiana 6 : 15-24
Harcourt-Bath, 1896
The Geographical Varieties of Parnassius apollo Entomologist 29 : 331
Belling, 1915
Nochmals Parnassius apollo L. aus dem Karwendelbirge Dt. ent. Zs. 1915 : 655-656
Belling, 1923
Zwei neue Unterarten von Parnassius apollo L., Parn. apollo ladinus und Parn. apollo venustus Dt. ent. Zs. 1923: 287-290
Bergmann, 1995
Eine neue Unterart von Parnassius (Koramius) maximinus (Staudinger, 1891) aus Usbekistan Atalanta 26 (1/2) : 139-142
Billberg, 1820
Enumeratio Insectorum Enum. Ins. Mus. Billb. : 1-138
Bingham, 1907
The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. BUTTERFLIES. 2 (edn 1) Fauna Brit. Ind., Butts 2 : 1-480, pl. 11-20
Boisduval, 1836
Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species Général des Lépidoptéres. Tome Premier Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1 : 1-690, pl. 1-24
Boullet & Le Cerf, 1912
Descripton sommaires de formes nouvelles de Papilionidae [Lep.] Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1912: 141-143 : 141-143
Bremer, 1861
Neue Lepidopteren aus Ost-Sibirien und dem Amur-Lande gesammelt von Radde und Maack, bescrieben von Otto Bremer Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. 3 : 461-496, Mélanges biol. St.-Pétersb. 3 (5-6): 538-589
Bremer, 1864
Lepidopteren Ost-Sibiriens, insbesondere der Amur-Landes, gesammelt von den Herren G. Radde, R. Maack und P. Wulffius Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. (7) 8 (1) : 1-104, pl. 1-8
Bryk, 1911
Ueber di karelische Mnemosyne. (Parn. mnemosyne var. karjala nov. subsp. Bryk) Soc. Ent. 26 (11)
Bryk, 1911
"Parnassiana" Nova subspecies seu nova species Soc. Ent. 26 (16) : 60
Bryk, 1912
"Parnassiana", V. Zur Synopsis der asiatischen Mnemosyne Soc. Ent. 27 (5): 24-25, (8): 38-40, (10): 48-49, (11): 52-43, (16): 71-74, (20): 87-89, (22): 99-101
Bryk, 1914
Neue Parnassier für den Junk'schken Katalog Int. Ent. Zs. 8 (7) : 35-36
Bryk, 1914
Parn. mnemosyne ugrjumovi n. subsp. Berl. ent. Z. 58: 201-210
Bryk, 1914
"Parnassiana" XIV. Ein neuer acdestis Soc. Ent. 29 (6) : 24-25
Bryk, 1915
Uber das Abändern von Parnassius apollo L. Archiv Naturg. 80 A (7): 153-184
Bryk, 1915
Uber das Abändern von Parnassius apollo L. Archiv Naturg. 80 A (7): 133-164
Bryk, 1921
Parnassiana. Parnassius mnemosyne L. in Europa Soc. ent. 36 : 17-19
Bryk, 1921
Neue Parnassiiden Ent. Tidskr. 42 : 112-119, f. 1-13
Bryk, 1922
Parnassiana. Parnassius mnemosyne L. in Europa Soc. ent. 37 (2): 5-6, (3): 11-12, (4): 13-16, (5): 18-20, (6): 22-23, (7): 24-26, (8): 29-30
Bryk, 1923
Baroniidae, Teinopalpidae, Parnassiidae in Strand, Lepid. Cat. 27 : 1-247
Bryk, 1925
Parnassiana. Parnassius mnemosyne L. in Galizien und Rumänien Soc. ent. 40 (8) : 29-30
Bryk, 1931
Parnassius rothschildianus m. Parnassiana 1 (6): 4
Bryk, 1931
Die Abhängigkeit der Augenflecke vom Flügelgeäder in der Gattung Parnassius Latr. Ein Beitrag zur Zeichnung der Lepidopteren Zool. Jb. Syst. 62: 149-174
Bryk, 1932
Parnassiologische Studien aus England Parnassiana 2 : 1-6, : 19-21, (3): 31-33, : 42, (4/5): 46-50, : 67-68
Bryk, 1934
Parnassiologische Studien aus England Parnassiana 3 : 27-28, : 31-32
Bryk, 1935
Lepidoptera. Parnassiidae pars II Das Tierreich 65: i-li, 1-788
Bryk, 1936
H. Hönes Parnassiusausbeute vom Jahre 1936 Parnassiana 4: 1-4
Bryk & Eisner, 1929
Parn. stubbendorfi Elwes subspecies diabolicus (n.) Soc. ent. 44 : 47-48
Bryk & Eisner, 1930
Eine neue Rasse von Parnassius simo Parnassiana 1 (1): 1-3
Bryk & Eisner, 1930
Parnassius mnemosyne L. ssp. balcanica (n.) Parnassiana 1 (2): 3-4
Bryk & Eisner, 1930
Parnassius apollo L. in Klein-Asien Parnassiana 1 (4): 1-3
Bryk & Eisner, 1930
Eine neue Rasse von Parnassius acdestis Gr. Gr. (Lep. Parnass.) Mitt. Dt. ent. Ges. 1: 7-8
Bryk & Eisner, 1931
Zwei neue Phoebus-Rassen Parnassiana 1 (5) : 5-7
Bryk & Eisner, 1931
Parnassius mnemosyne L. in Kleinasien Parnassiana 1 (7/8) : 1-3
Bryk & Eisner, 1931
Uber Parnassius szechenyi Friw. Parnassiana 1 (7/8) : 6-8
Bryk & Eisner, 1932
Kritische Revision der Gattung Parnassius unter Benutzung des Materials der Kollektion Eisner, Dahlem Parnassiana 2 : 27-30, : 34-42, : 69-102
Bryk & Eisner, 1932
Ein neuer charltonius Parnassiana 2: 66
Bryk & Eisner, 1934
Eine neue geographische Konvergenzerscheinung aus dem Kansu-Gebiet Parnassiana 3 : 24-27
Bryk & Eisner, 1937
Kritische Revision der Gattung Parnassius unter Benutzung des Materials der Kollektion Eisner Parnassiana 5 : 9-15, : 21-28
Burdick, 1941
A new race of Parnassius smintheus from the Olympic Mountains of Washington (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) Can. Ent. 73 (7): 117-118, 3fgs
Butler, 1866
A list of the diurnal Lepidoptera recently collected by Mr. Whitely in Hakodadi (North Japan) J. Linn. Soc. Zool. Lond. 9 (34) : 50-58
[MRS]; Chou, 1994
Monografia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium 1-2: 1-854
Christoph, 1873
Weiterer Beitrag zum Verzeichnisse der im Nord-Persien einheimischen Schmetterlinge Horae Soc. ent. Ross. 10 (1) : 3-55, pl. 1
Churkin, 2003
New taxa of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) from Mongolia Helios 4: 160-178
Churkin, 2005
A new subspecies of Parnassius nomion Fischer de Waldheim, 1923 from South-West Mongolia (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) Helios 6: 39-46
Churkin, 2009
Notes on Parnassius Latreille, 1804 from Tian-Shan and Alai Part 3: Parnassius charltonius Gray, 1852 Atalanta 40 : 411-434
Churkin, 2009
Notes on Parnassius Latreille, 1804 from Tian-Shan and Alai Part 2: Parnassius staudingeri A. Bang-Haas, 1882 - Parnassius delphius Eversmann, 1843 Atalanta 40 (3/4) : 436-460
Churkin, 2009
Notes on Pamassius Latreille, 1804 from Tian-Shan and Alai. Part 1: Parnassius simonius Staudinger, 1889 - R boedromius Puengeler, 1901 Atalanta 40 (3/4) : 461-478
Clench & Shoumatoff, 1956
Lepidoptera Rhopalocera (Insecta) from Afghanistan. The 3rd Danish Expedition to Central Asia (Zoological Results 21) Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturh. Forening 118 : 141-192, 23 fgs
Deckert, 1909
Description de Parnassius nouveaux [Lép. Hét] Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1909 : 108-109
Doubleday, [1847]
The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habitats and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus; illustrated with 86 plates by W. C. Hewitson Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 1-18, pl. A, 1-4 (1-2) (1846), (1): 19-132, pl. 4*, 18*, 5-25, 28 (3-14) (1847), (1): 133-200, pl. 1*, 26, 27, 29 (15-23) (1848), (1): pl. 31-44 (15-23) (1848), (1): 201-242, pl. 30, 45-52, 56-58, 60-62, 64 (24-31) (1849), (1): 243-250 [?], (2): 243-326, pl. 53-55, 63, 65, 66 (32-38) (1850), (2): 327-466, pl. 59, 67-77 (39-50) (1851), (2): 467-534, 143, 144, pl. 78-80 (Index) (51-54) (1852)
Dubatolov & Milko, 2003
A new subspecies of Parnassius (Kailasius) charltonius (Gray, 1852) from Kyrghyz Kashgaria (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) Atalanta 34 (3/4) : 435-439
Dyar, 1903
A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 1-723
Dyar, 1903
New North American Lepidoptera with notes on larvae Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 5 (4) : 290-297
Edwards, 1870
Descriptions of new species of diurnal Lepidoptera found within the United States Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3 (1) : 10-22
Edwards, 1877
Catalogue of the Diurnal Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 6 : 1-68
H. Edwards, 1877
Pacific Coast Lepidoptera. - No. 22. Notes on some Diurnal Lepidoptera, with description of new varieties Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 7 (12) : 163-173
H. Edwards, 1881
On two new forms of the genus Parnassius Papilio 1 (1) : 2-4
Eisner, 1928
Eine neue spanische apollo-Rasse Int. ent. Zs. 22: 309-311
Eisner, 1930
Eine neue Rasse von P. simo Gray Parnassiana 1 (3) : 5
Eisner, 1932
Parnassius epaphus subsp. gyaella (nova subsp.) Parnassiana 2: 68
Eisner, 1936
P. mnemosyne subsp. bulgarica (subs. nova) Parnassiana 4 (1-2): 9
Eisner, 1939
Zwei Parnassius-Unterarten aus Korea Parnassiana 6: 38-39
Eisner, 1955
Parnassiana nova: VI: Kritische revision der Gattung Parnassius (Fortsetzung 3) Zool. Meded. Leiden 33 (21): 181-207
Eisner, 1956
Parnassiana nova: VIII. Kritische Revision der Gattung Parnassius (Fortsetzung 5) Zool. Meded. Leiden 34 (10) : 155-172
Eisner, 1956
Parnassiana nova: X. Zwei neue nordamericanische Parnassius Subspecies Zool. Meded. Leiden 34 (18) : 243-245
Eisner, 1958
Parnassiana nova: XIX. Kritische Revision der Gattung Parnassius (Fortsetzung 13) Zool. Meded. Leiden 36 (2) : 5-32
Eisner, 1964
Parnassiana nova: XXXV. Nachträgliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassinae (Fortsetzung 8) Zool. Meded. Leiden 40 (5) : 25-27
Eisner, 1966
Parnassiana nova: XXXIX. Nachträgliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassinae (Fortsetzung 12) Zool. Meded. Leiden 41 (8) : 143-149
Eisner, 1966
Parnassiana nova: XL. Nachträgliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassinae (Fortsetzung 13) Zool. Meded. Leiden 41 (12) : 191-194
Eisner, 1968
Parnassiana nova XLIII. Nachträgliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassiinae (Fortsetzung 16) Zool. Meded. Leiden 43 (2) : 9-15, pl. 1-2
Eisner, 1969
Parnassiana nova XLIV. Nachträgliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassiinae (Fortsetzung 17) Zool. Meded. Leiden 43 (14) : 173-176
Eisner & Zelny, 1969; Eisner, 1969
Parnassiana nova: XLV. Nachträgliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassiinae (Fortsetzung 18) Zool. Meded. Leiden 44 (7) : 109-112
Eisner & Epstein, 1968
Parnassiana nova XLIII. Parnassius mnemosyne L. in der Südschweiz und in Norditalien Zool. Meded. Leiden 43 (2) : 15-17, pl. 1
Eisner & Krusek, 1983
Parnassiana nova. LVIII. Parnassidae varia Zool. Meded. 57 (3): 27
Eisner & Peschke, 1934
P. actius Ev., subspecies catilina (subsp. nova) Parnassiana 3: 41
Eisner & Sedych, 1964
Parnassiana nova: XXXVII. Nachträgliche Betrachtungen zu der Revision der Subfamilie Parnassinae (Fortsetzung 10) Zool. Meded. Leiden 40 (17) : 137-138
Elwes, 1886
On Butterflies of the Genus Parnassius Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1886 : 6-53, pl. 1-4
Esper, [1803]
Die Schmetterlinge in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen. Theil I. Die Tagschmetterlinge. Supplement Theil 1. Abschnitt 1 Die Schmett., Suppl. Th 1 (1-2): 1-8, pl. 94 (1789), (3-4): 9-60, pl. 95-101 (1789), (5-6): 61-68, pl. 102-106 (1794), ([7]): [69-88], pl. [107-109] (1798), (8-9): 89-104, pl. 110-112 (1800), (10): 105-120, pl. 113-116 ([1803-1804])
Eversmann, 1843
Quaedam lepidopterorum species novae in montibus Uralensibus et Altaicus habitantes nunc descriptae et depictae Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 16 (3) : 535-553, pl. 7-10
Eversmann, 1847
Lepidoptera quaedam nova Rossiae et Sibiriae indigena descripsit et delineavit Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 20 (3) : 66-83, 6 pls.
Eversmann, 1851
Description de quelques nouvelles espéce de Lépidoptéres de la Russie Bull. Soc. imp. Nat. Moscou 24 (2) : 610-644
Fabricius, 1793
Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta. Ent. Syst. 3 (1) : 1-487
Fabricius, 1807
Die neueste Gattungs-Eintheilung der Schmetterlinge aus den Linnéischen Gattungen Papilio und Sphinx Mag. f. Insektenk. 6 : 277-295
C. & R. Felder, [1864]; C. & R. Felder, [1865]
Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Behilfen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Band 2. Abtheilung 2. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (1): 1-136, pl. 1-21 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, [1865]), (2): 137-378, pl. 22-47 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1865), (3): 379-536, pl. 48-74 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1867), (4): 537-548, pl. 75-120, (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-9 (pl. 1-74), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) , (5): pl. 121-140, (erklärung) 1-10 (pl. 75-107), (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-20 (pl. 108-140), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)
de Freina, 1980
Eine neue Unterart von Parnassius nordmanni Nordmann aus Kleinasien (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) NachrBl. bayer Ent. 29 (3) : 50-62
Fruhstorfer, 1898
Eine neue Parnassius-Form aus Indien Dt. ent. Z. Iris 11 (1) : 147-148 (10 August)
Fruhstorfer, 1899
Eine neue Parnassius Aberration. Parnassius hardtwicki[sic] GRAY ab. afer FRUHST. Ent. Zs. 13 (4) : 26-27 (15 May)
Fruhstorfer, 1900
Eine neue Parnassius-Aberration Stettin ent. Ztg 60 (10-12) : 354-355 (April)
Fruhstorfer, 1903
[Nachricten aus dem Berliner Entomologischen Verein] Insekten-Börse 20 (6): 45 (5 February), (10): 77 (5 March), (11): 85 (12 March), (16): 124 (16 April), (17): 132 (23 April), (21): 164-165 (21 May), (47): 373 (19 November), (43): 341 (22 October), (45): 357 (5 November), (48): 381 (26 November), (50): 396 (10 December)
Fruhstorfer, 1903
Zwei neue Sikkim-Falter Insekten-Börse 20 (19) : 148 (7 May)
Fruhstorfer, 1903
Zwei neue Parnassier Soc. Ent. 18 (7) : 49-50 (1 July)
Fruhstorfer, 1903
Neue Parnassier Dt. ent. Z. Iris 16 (1) : 43-46, pl. 1, f. 1-2 (early October)
Fruhstorfer, 1903
Parnassius epaphus huwei nov. subspec. Stettin ent. Ztg 64 (2) : 360-361 (October)
Fruhstorfer, 1903
Parnassius imperator augustus n. subsp. Soc. Ent. 18 (15) : 113 (1 November)
Fruhstorfer, 1904
Neue Argynnis- u. Parnassius-Formen Dt. ent. Z. Iris 16 (2) : 306-309 (20 March)
Fruhstorfer, 1904
Eine neue Parnassius-Form aus Tibet Soc. Ent. 19 (4) : 25 (15 May)
Fruhstorfer, 1904
Ein neuer Parnassius. Parnassius delphius dolabella nov. subspec. Ent. Zs. 18 (8) : 29-30 (22 May)
Fruhstorfer, 1906
Neue Parnassiusformen Soc. Ent. 21 (18) : 137-140 (15 December)
Fruhstorfer, 1907
Bemerkungen zu Lieferung 10 von Seitz "Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde" und Lieferung 9 und 10 "Rhopalocera palaearctica" von R. Verity Soc. Ent. 22 (8) : 57-58 (15 July)
Fruhstorfer, 1907
Lepidopterologisches Charivari vom Gerstaecker der Entomologie. I Ent. Wochenbl. 24 (45): 195 (7 November), (46): 199 (14 November)
Fruhstorfer, 1908
Neue Parnassier aus der mnemosyne-Gruppe Int. ent. Zs. 2 (3) : 17-18 (18 April)
Fruhstorfer, 1908
Neue Parnassius-Rassen Ent. Zs. 22 (3) : 12 (18 April)
Fruhstorfer, 1908
Eine neue Parnassius-Rasse Ent. Zs. 22 (12) : 51 (20 June)
Fruhstorfer, 1909
Berichtigung Ent. Zs. 22 (45): 192 (6 February)
Fruhstorfer, 1909
6. Gattung: Parnassius LATR. in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 110-112 (28 August), pl. 50
Fruhstorfer, 1909
Neues über Parnassius apollo Int. ent. Zs. 3 (30) : 161 (23 October)
Fruhstorfer, 1909
Neues über Parnassius apollo L. Ent. Zs. 23 (34) : 150-151 (20 November)
Fruhstorfer, 1910; Fruhstorfer, 1911
Neue palaearktische Rhopaloceren Soc. ent. 25 (13): 50-52 (24 September, 1910), (14): 54-55 (8 October, 1910), (15): 58-60, f. 1-4 (22 October, 1910), (24): 95-96 (25 February, 1911)
Fruhstorfer, 1910
Parnassiusrassen aus der Schweiz und Piemont Ent. Zs. 24 (28) : 155-156 (15 October)
Fruhstorfer, 1910
Zu dem Artikel: Neue Parnassiusrassen aus der Schweiz und Piemont Ent. Zs. 24 (35) : 192 (3 December)
Fruhstorfer, 1916
Eine neue deutsche Parnassiusrasse Soc. ent. 31 (10) : 49 (15 September)
Fruhstorfer, 1917
Neue Rhopaloceren aus der Sammlung Leonhard Archiv Naturg. 82 A (2) : 1-28, pl. 1 (January)
Fruhstorfer, 1918
Eine neue Parnassiusrasse Soc. ent. 33 (1) : 2 (2 January)
Fruhstorfer, 1919
Neues über Parnassier Soc. ent. 34 (3): 11-12 (1 March), (4): 14-15 (1 April)
Fruhstorfer, 1920
Parnassius apollo generosus subspec. nova Soc. ent. 35 (7) : 28 (1 July)
Fruhstorfer, 1921
Neue Parnassius apollo-Rassen Ent. Anz. 1 (3): 29-31, f. 1-5 (10 March), (7): 77-80 (10 July), (8): 87-89 (10 August)
Fruhstorfer, 1921
Neue Parnassius-Rassen Ent. Rundschau 38 (3): 13-14 (15 March), (4): 16-17 (15 April), (5): 20-21 (17 May)
Fruhstorfer, 1921
Neue und seltene Parnassius-Rassen Soc. ent. 36 (4) : 13-15 (1 April)
Fruhstorfer, 1921
Neue und interessante Parnassius apollo Rassen Ent. Anz. 1 (4): 41-42, f. 1-6 (10 April), (6): 65-66, 2 f. (10 June)
Fruhstorfer, 1921
Die Parnassius apollo-Rassen der Südschweiz Ent. Anz. 1 (4): 43-44 (10 April), (5): 53-56, 4fgs. (10 May)
Fruhstorfer, 1921
Neue Parnassius mnemosnye [sic]-Rassen Soc. ent. 36 (11) : 41-42 (1 November)
Fruhstorfer, 1922
Eine neue Parnassiusform aus Nordtirol Ent. Rundschau 39 (2) : 5 (15 February)
Fruhstorfer, 1922
Parnassius mnemosyne in der Schweiz Soc. ent. 37 (3): 10-11 (1 March), (4): 16 (1 April), (5): 18 (1 May), (6): 23 (1 June), (7): 27 (1 July), (8): 31-32 (1 August), (9): 34-35 (1 September)
Fruhstorfer, 1922
Eine neue Parnassius delius-Rasse aus der Tauernkette Ent. Rundschau 39 (3) : 11 (15 March)
Fruhstorfer, 1922
Nachtrag zu dem Artikel "Neue Parnassius-Rassen" Ent. Rundschau 39 (4) : 16 (15 April)
Fruhstorfer, 1923
Die Parnassius apollo-Rassen der Schweiz Ent. Anz. 3 (5): 55-60 (15 May), (6): 72-74 (15 June), (7): 86-87 (15 July), (8): 96-98 (15 August)
Gray, 1831
The Zoological Miscellany Zool. Miscell. (1): [1], 1-40 (1831), (2a): 41-48 (1842), (2b): 49-56 (1842), (2c): 57-72 (1842), (2d): 73-80 (1842), (3): 81-86 (1844)
Gray, [1853]
Catalogue of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Papilionidae. [1853 Jan], "1852" Cat. lep. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus. 1 (Papilionidae) : 1-84, pl. 1-10,10*,11-13
Grum-Grshimailo, 1885
Bericht über meine Reise in das Alai Gebiet (Correspondenz) in Romanoff, Mém. Lép. 2 : 212-247
Grum-Grshimailo, 1887
Bericht über meine Reise in das östliche Buchara (Correspondez; mit 1 Karte). Nebst Anghang: Dianosen einger neuen Species in Romanoff, Mém. Lép. 3 : 357-402
Grum-Grshimailo, 1888
Novae species et varietates Rhopalocerum e Pamir Horae Soc. ent. Ross. 22 (3-4) : 303-307
Grum-Grshimailo, 1890
Le Pamir et sa faune lépidoptérologique in Romanoff, Mém. Lép. 4 : 1-576, pl. A,1-21
Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Lepidoptera nova in Asia centrali novissime lecta et descripta Horae Soc. ent. Ross. 25 (3-4) : 445-465
Gundorov, 1991
New subspecies of Parnassius simonius from Central Asia Lambillionea 4: 379
Guppy, 1998
Notes on Parnassius smintheus Doubleday (Papilionidae) on Vancouver Island J. Lep. Soc. 52 (1): 115-118
Haase, 1891
Untersuchungen über die Mimicry auf Grundlage eines natürlichen Systems der Papilioniden. Erster Theil: Entwurf eines natürlichen Systems der Papilioniden Bibl. zoologica 3 (8) (1): 1-64, (2): 65-112 , (3): 113-120
Hanus, 1996
New butterfly taxa from Kirghizia (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) Atalanta 27 (1/2) : 203-210
Haude, 1912
Neue Charltoniusformen Gray vom Nilang-Passe Soc. Ent. 27 (17) : 75-76
Hemming, 1934
Revisional notes on certain species of Rhopalocera (Lepidoptera) Stylops 3 (9) : 193-200
Herz, 1903
Verzeichniss der auf der Mammuth-Expedition gesammelten Lepidopteren Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Sci. St.-Petersb. 8 (1) : 61-87
[H&R]; Higgins & Riley, 1970
A Field Guide to the Butterflies of Britain and Europe
[NACL]; Hodges, 1983
Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico Check List Lep. Am. N of Mexico
Hoffmann, 1911
Vier neue Aberrationen steirischer Schmetterlinge Int. ent. Zs. 5 (32) : 227
Hoffmann, 1912
Drei steirische Schmetterlingsaberrationen Ent. Rdsch. 29 : 157-158
Honrath, 1882
Ueber eine Lokalform des Parnassius Actius Eversm. und über Parnassius Delius Esp. var. Corybas Fisch. Berl. ent. Z. 26 (1) : 178-180
Honrath, [1885]
Neue Rhoplaocera (3) Berl. ent. Z. 29 (2) : 272-278, pl. 8
Honrath, [1888]
Neue Rhopalocera (6) Berl. ent. Z. 31 (2) : 347-352, pl. 6
Honrath, 1889
Neue Rhopalocera (8) Berl. ent. Z. 33 (1): 161-166, (2): pl. 2 (March 1890)
Honrath, 1890
Diagnosen von zwei neuen Rhopaloceren Ent. Nachr. 16 (8) : 127
Huang, 1998
Five New Butterflies from N. W. Tibet (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) Neue Ent. Nachr. 41 : 271-283
Huang & Murayama, 1992
Butterflies of Xinjiang province, China Tyô to Ga 43 (1) : 1-22
Hübner, [1819]
Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])
Häuser, 1993
An annotated checklist of the species of the Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Tijdschr. Ent. 136 : 137-146
Kaabak & Lesin, 1994
On two subspecies of Parnassius charltonius Gray, 1853: ssp. anjuta Stshetkin, Kaabak & Stshetkina, 1987 and ssp. ljudmilae Sthsetkin & Kaabak, 1985 Atalanta 25 (1/2) : 161-162
Kaabak, Sotshivko & Titov, 1996
A new subspecies of Parnassius charltonius (Gray, 1853) from the Sarykolsky Mountain Ridge in Tadjikistan (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) Atalanta 27 (1/2) : 195-198
Kardakoff, 1928
Zur Kenntnis der Lepidopteren des Ussuri-Gebietes Ent. Mitt. 17 (4): 261-273, (8): 414-425
Kheil, 1911
Parnassius apollo var. provincialis Int. Ent. Zs. 5 (9) : 61-63
Koch, 1940
Aus meiner Sammlung Zs. Wiener EntVer. 25 : 69-72
Kolar, 1922
Parnassius apollo L. in Salzburg Ent. Anz. 2: 41-43
Kolar & Rebel in Kolar, 1934
Parnassius apollo L. auf dem Olymp. Int. Ent. Zs. 28 (29) : 366-368
Korb & Bolshakov, 2011
[A catalogue of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilioformes) of the former USSR. Second edition, reformatted and updated] (in Russian) Eversmannia Suppl. 2 : 1-123
Korshunov, 1988
[New butterfly taxa from Khakasia, Tuva and Yakutia] Novye i maloizvetnye vidy fauny Sibiri, Novosibirsk 20 : 65-80
Kotzsch, 1929
Neue Falter aus dem Richthofengebirge usw. Ent. Zs. 43 : 204-206
Kotzsch, 1940
Parnassius inopinatus, eine überreschende neue Art Ent. Zs. 54 (3) : 17-21
Kreuzberg, 1986
New subspecies of Parnassius simo (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from Middle Asia [in Russian] Vest. zool. 2: 85-87
Kreuzberg & Pljustsh, 1992
New Parnassius Butterfly subspecies (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from the East Paleartics Vest. zool. 2: 78-80
Krulikovsky, 1906
Neue Varietäten und Aberrationen der palaearktischen Lepidopteren Soc. Ent. 21 (7): 49-51, (10): 75 (emend.)
Krulikowsky, 1908
Einige neue Varietäten und Aberrationen der Lepidopteren des östlichen Russlands Soc. Ent. 23 (1): 2-3, (2): 11-12, (3): 18
Kudrna, 1974
An annotated List of Japanese Butterflies Atalanta 5 : 92-120
Kudrna, 1985
European butterflies named by Hans Fruhstorfer Nachr. ent. Ver. Apollo, Suppl. 5: 1-60
Kunz, 1922
Gesammelte Beiträge zur Kenntnis von Parnassius mnemosyne L. Zs. öst. EntVer. 7 : 12-14, : 21-23, (Schluss): 31-32
Kindermann in Lederer, 1853
Lepidopterologisches aus Sibirien Verh. zool.-bot. Ver. Wien 3 : 351-386, pl. 1-7
[RFEL]; Leley, 2016
Annotated catalogue of the insects of Russian Far East. Volume II. Lepidoptera Cat. ins. Russian Far East. 2 : 1-812
Lesin & Kaabak, 1991
A new subspecies of Parnassius charltonius G ray (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from Hissaric mountain range Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscow 96 (1) : 74-77
[BOW]; Lewis, 1974
Butterflies of the World
Linnaeus, 1758
Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 1-338, : 339-824
Lukhtanov, 1999
Neue Taxa und Synonyma zentalasiatischer Tagfalter Atalanta 30 (1/4) : 135-150
Matsumura, 1926
New and unrecorded Butterflies from Mt. Daisetsu Insecta Matsumurana 1 (2) : 103-107
Matsumura, 1927
A list of the butterflies of Corea, with description of new species, subspecies and aberrations Insecta Matsumurana 1 (4) : 159-170
Matsumura, 1928
New Butterflies especially from the Kuriles Insecta Matsumurana 2 (4) : 191-201
Matsumura, 1937
Some new Butterflies from Japan and Korea Insecta Matsumurana 11 (4) : 132-134, pl. 5
McDunnough, 1936
A new race of Parnassius smintheus from California Can. ent. 68: 272-274
Ménétriés, 1849
Catalogue des insectes recueillis par feu M. Lehmann avec les descriptions des nouvelles espéces Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersb. 6 (4) : 217-328, pl. 3-6
Ménétriés, 1855
Enumeratio corporum animalium Musei Imperialis Academiae Scientiarum Petropilitanae. Classis Insectorum, Ordo Lepidopterorum Cat. lep. Petersb. 1: 1-66, pl. 1-6, (supplement) 67-112 (1855), 2: 67-97,99-144, pl. 7-14 (1857), 3: 145-161, pl. 15-18 (1863)
Ménétriés, 1859
Lépidoptères de la Sibérie orientale et en particulier des rives de l'Amour in Schrenck, Reise Forschungen Amur-Lande 2 (1) : 1-75, pl. 1-5
Moltrecht, 1909
Beitrag zur Kenntnis der ostpaläarktischen Lepidopterenfauna Ent. Zs. 22 (44) : 184-185
Moore, 1902
Lepidoptera Indica. Rhopalocera. Family Nymphalidae. Sub-family Nymphalinae (continued), Groups Melitaeina and Eurytelina. Sub-families Acraeinae, Pseudergolinae, Calinaginae, and Libytheinae. Family Riodinidae. Sub-family Nemeobiinae. Family Papilionidae. Sub-famlies Parnassiinae, Thaidinae, Leptocircinae, and Papilionae Lepidoptera Indica 5 : 1-248, pl. 379-466
Motschulsky, 1866
Catalogue des Insectes recus du Japon Bull. Soc. imp. nat. Moscou 39 (1) : 163-200
Murayama, 1964
Neue Tagfalterformen aus Japan und Korea Zs. Wiener ent. Ges. 49 : 35-37, pl. 4-5
Murzin, 1989
A new Subspecies of Parnassius delphius from Turkestan Mountain Range. (in Russian) Vestn. zool. 1989 (1) : 69-71
Nakahara, 1926
Some Saghalien Butterflies: Notes and Descriptions Ins. Inscit. Mens. 14 : 45-48
Neumann, 1890
New beauties from near and far Ent. Amer. 6 : 61-64
Niepelt, 1911
Neue paläarktische Macrolepidopteren Int. Ent. Ztg 5 (38) : 274-275
Nordmann, 1851
Die im Gebiete der Fauna Taurico-Caucasica beobachteten Schmetterlinge Bull. Soc. imp. Nat. Moscou 24 (2) : 395-428, pl. 8-13
Oberthür, 1879
Catalogue raisonné des Papilionidae de la Collection de Ch. Oberthür Étud. d'Ent. 4 : 19-102, 107-117 (Appendice), pl. 1-6
Oberthür, 1883
[no title] Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. (6) 3 : xi-xiii, [11-13], : xliii, [43], : lxxvi-lxxvii, : lxxxiv, [84], : cxxviii-cxxix, [128-129]
Oberthür, 1891
Lépidoptères du genre Parnassius Étud. d'Ent. 14 : 1-18, 19, pl. 1-3
Oberthür, 1892
Lépidoptères du Pérou et du Thibet Étud. d'Ent. 16 : 1-9, pl. 1-2
Ohshima, 1985
A New Subspecies of Parnassius cephalus GRUM-GRSHIMAILO from Nepal Himalaya (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) Tyô to Ga 36 (2): 77-82
Ohya, 1996
Two new subspecies of Parnassius from Nepal and Tibet Gekkan-Mushi (309): 4-9, pl. 2
Omoto & Kawasaki, 1998
Some new parnassiine butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from Nepal in the Haruta collection Trans. lepid. Soc. Japan 49 (3) : 147-155
Pagenstecher, 1911
Über die Geschichte, das Vorkommen und die Erscheinungsweise von Parnassius mnemosyne L. Jb. Nassau. Ver. Nat. 64 : 262-310
Peebles & Bryk, 1931
Parnassius mnemosyne subsp. republicanus (n) Parnassiana 1 (6): 4
Peschke, 1921
Die Formen von Parn. apollo L. der Liptauer Alpen und der Beler Kalkalpen (Hohe Tatra) Int. ent. Zs. 15 (5) : 35-36
Peschke & Eisner, 1932
P. apollo liptauensis (subspecies nova) Int. ent. Zs. 26 : 249-250
Peschke & Eisner, 1934
P. delphius Ev. subsp. affinis (subsp. nova) Parnassiana 3: 40-41
Püngeler, 1901
Neue Macrolepidopteren aus Centralasien Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 14 (1) : 171-191, pl. 1-3
[NAB]; Pyle, 1981
Field Guide to North American Butterflies, National Audubon Society
[BOC]; Pyle, 2002
The Butterflies of Cascadia
Rebel, 1911
Bericht der Sektion für Lepidopterologie Verh. zool-bot. Ges. Wien 61 : (25) -(56),(77)-(79),(92)-(98),(141)-(158)
Riley, 1923
The Rhopalocera of the Mt. Everest 1921 Expedition Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1922 (3-4) : 461-483, pl. 36-37
Riley, 1926
Entomological Notes on a Tour of the Kumaon-Tibet Border in 1924 by H. G. Champion, M.A., F.E.S. with descriptions of three new Rhopalocera Ent. mon. Mag. 62 : 271-279, pl. 2-3
Rose, 1990
Eine neue Unterart von Parnassius staudingeri (Bang-Haas, 1882) aus China (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) Nachr. Ent. Ver. Apollo NF 11 (3) : 151-154
Rose, 1992
Eine neue Unterart von Parnassius patricius (Niepelt, 1911) aus Kasakhstan Atalanta 23 : 119-122
Rothschild, 1908
New Subspecies of Parnassius apollo Novit. Zool. 15 : 390
Rothschild, 1909
Catalogue of the collection of Parnassiinae in the Tring Museum with systematic notes Novit. Zool. 16 (1) : 1-20
Rothschild, 1918
Catalogue of the Parnassiidae in the Tring Museum Novit. Zool. 25 : 218-262
Sakai, 1978
Butterflies from the Hindukush, Karakorum, Kashmir and Ladak, with Descriptions of two new Species and six Subspecies Atalanta 9 (1) : 104-133
Schulte, 1991
Neue Parnassius-Unterarten aus der UdSSR (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) Nachr. Ent. Ver. Apollo NF 12 (2) : 99-105
Schweitzer, 1912
Zwei neue Lokalrassen aus der Gattung Parnassius Ent. Zs. 25 (48) : 249-250
Stichel in Seitz, 1906; Stichel in Seitz, 1907
Die Großschmetterlinge des Palaearktischen Faunengebietes. 1. Die Palaearktischen Tagfalter Gross-Schmett. Erde 1 : 1-379, pl. 1-89
Stichel in Seitz, 1907
Die Gross-Schmetterlinge des Palaearktischen Faunengebietes. 2. Die Palaearktischen Spinner & Schwärmer Gross-Schmett. Erde 2 : 1-479 [Macrolep.], pl. 1-56
[SPRK]; Seppänen, 1970
Suomen suurperhostoukkien ravintokasvit Animalia Fennica 14
Shinkai, 1997
A new subspecies of Parnassius acdestis Grum-Grshimailo 1891 (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae), from Nepal Wallace 3: 30-31
Shchetkin & Shchetkin, 1989
Two new subspecies of the Pamiro-Alai endemic Parnassius honrathi Stgr. (in Russian) Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 94: 53-55
Sheljuzhko, 1908
Quelques formes nouvelles des Lépidopteres Rev. russ. ent. 7 (4) : 232-234
Sheljuzhko, 1913
Lepidopterologische Notizen Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 27 (1) : 13-22
Sheljuzhko, 1924
Neue Parnassius-Formen Zs. öst. EntVer. 9 : 57-60, (Schluss): 67-71
Sheljuzhko, 1935
Zwei neue Parnassius-Rassen aus Transkaukasien Zs. Öst. EntVer. 20 : 22-24, pl. 2
Sheljuzhko, 1943
Eine neue Rasse von Parnassius mnemosyne L. aus Zentralasien Zs. Wiener ent. Ges. 28 : 81-85
[EBW]; Smart, 1976
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World Illust. Encyp. Butt. World: -
Sotshivko & Kaabak, 1996
A new subspecies of Parnassius staudingeri (A. Bang-Haas, 1882) from the Sarykolsky Mountain Ridge in Tadjikistan (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) Atalanta 27 : 199-202
South, 1913
A list of butterflies collected by Captain F.M. Bailey in western China, south-eastern Tibet, and the Mishimi hills, 1911 J. Bomb. nat. Hist. Soc. 22 (2): 345-365, (3): 598-615
Standfuss, 1888
Lepidopterologisches Berl. ent. Z. 32 (1) : 233-246, pl. 3
Stauder, 1921
Neues aus Unteritalien Dt. ent. Z. Iris 35 (1/2) : 26-31
Stauder, 1923
Neue Schmetterlingsformen aus meiner Sammlung Ent. Anz. 3 (1) : 1-7
Stauder, 1924
Neue Palaearktenformen. II Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 14 (1-5) : 59-66
Stauder, 1924
Teriolensia. I Dt. ent. Zs. 1924: 1-29
Staudinger, 1881
Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna Central-Asiens Stettin ent. Ztg 42 (7-9): 253-300, (10-12): 393-424
Staudinger, 1886
Centralasiatische Lepidopteren Stett. Ent. Ztg. 47 (4-6): 193-215, (7-9): 225-256
Staudinger, 1887
Centralasiatische Lepidopteren Stettin Ent. Ztg 48 (1-3) : 49-102
Staudinger, 1889
Centralasiatische Lepidopteren Stettin Ent. Ztg 50 (1-3) : 16-60
Staudinger, 1891
Eine neue Parnassius-Form und swei neue paläarktische Arctia-Arten Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 4 (1) : 158-162
Staudinger, [1895]
Neue Lepidopteren-Arten und Varietäten aus dem paläarktischen Faunengebiet Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 7 (2) : 241-296 (1895), : 376 (Berichtigungen)
Staudinger, 1898
Einige neue Tagfalterarten und Varietäten Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 10 (2) : 344-360
Staudinger, 1900
Ueber Lepidoptereren aus dem östlichsten Thian Schan-Gebiet Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 12 (2) : 331-351 (1900)
Bang-Haas in Staudinger & Bang-Haas, 1882; Staudinger in Staudinger & Bang-Haas, 1882
Ueber einige neue Parnassius- und andere Tagfalter-Arten Central-Asiens Berl. ent. Z. 26 (1) : 161-177, pl. 1-2
Staudinger in Staudinger & Rebel, 1901
Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearktischen Faunengebiets. I. Famil. Papilionidae - Hepialidae Cat. Lep. palaearct. Faunengeb. 1 : 1-411
Stichel, 1906
Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Lepidopteren-Gattung Parnassius Latr. Berl. Ent. Z. 51 : 81-94
Stichel, 1907
Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, Fam. Papilionidæ, Subfam. Parnassiinæ in Wytsman, Genera Ins. 58 : 1-60, pl. 2-3
Stichel, 1907
Parnassius davidis alburnus nov. subsp. Ent. Zs. 21 : 132
Strand, 1914
Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer und wenig bekannter Lepidoptera aus der Sammlung W. Niepelt Lepid. Niepeltiana (1) : 1-64, pl. 1-12
Niepelt in Strand, 1916
Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer und wenig bekannter Lepidoptera aus der Sammlung W. Niepelt Lepidoptera Niepeltiana (2) : 1-26, pl. 13-17
Turati, 1908
Nuove forme di Lepidotteri Natur. Sicil. 20 (1-3) : 1-48, pl. 1-6
Turati, 1909
Nuove forme di lepidotteri e note critische. [III] Natur. Sicil. 21 (ns. 1) (1-8) : 1-133, pl. 1-6
Turati, 1911
Lepidotteri del Museo Zoologico della R. Università di Napoli. Descrizioni di forme nuove e note critiche Ann. Mus. Zool. Napoli 3 (18) : 1-31
[BRU]; Tuzov, Bogdanov, Devyatkin, Kaabak, Korolev, Murzin, Samodurov, Tarasov, 1997
Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories: Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Satyridae Butts. Russia adj. terr. 1
Tytler, 1926
Notes on some new and interesting Butterflies from India and Burma J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 31 : 248-260, pl. 1, 4, (3): 579-590, pl. 2, 3-5
Ushoda, 1938
On some aberrant Forms of Japanese Butterflies, Part I & II Ent. World Tokyo 6 : 155-158, : 446-447
Turati & Verity in Verity, 1911; Verity, 1906; Verity, [1907]; Verity, 1911
Rhopalocera Palaearctica Iconographie et Description des Papillons diurnes de la région paléarctique. Papilionidae et Pieridae Rhopalocera Palaearctica (1): 1-16, pl. 2-3, (2): 17-24, pl. 6-7, (3): 25-36, pl. 1, 4, (4): 37-52, pl. 8, 12 (1906), (5-6): 53-68, pl. 9, 11, 13, 15, 21 (1906), (7-8): 69-84, pl. 10, 16, 18, 20, 22 (1907), (9-10): 85-100, pl. 14, 17, 19, 23 (1907), (11-12): 101-124, pl. 26, 41, 43-44 (1907), (13-14): 125-156, pl. 40, 42, 46 (1908), (15-16): 157-172, pl. 27-29, 34, 45 (1908), (17-20): 173-220, pl. 30-33, 47, 49 (1908), (1): (Ed. 2) 1-16 (1908), (21-23): 221-268, pl. 36-39 (1909), (24-25): 269-284, pl. 24, 35, 48 (1909), (26-29): 285-324, 361-367, pl. 52-54, 57-65, (Ed. 2) 1-7 (1911), (30-36): 325-360, pl. 25, pl. 50-51, 55-56,66-72 (1911)
Verity, 1914
Contributo allo studio della variazione nei Lepidotteri Boll. Soc. ent. ital. 45 : 203-238, pl. 1
Verity, 1919
A 1000 metri sull'apennino modenese - note di lepidotterologia e descrizione di tre nuove specie di micri Atti Soc. ital. 58 : 147-187
Vorbrodt, 1912
Die Schmetterlinge der Schweiz. I. Band Die Schmett. Schweiz 1 : 1-489
Vorbrodt in Vorbrodt & Müller-Rutz, 1917
Die Schmetterlinge der Schweiz. 3. Nachtrag Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges. 12 (9-10) : 432-530
Wagner, 1910
Zwei neue mitteleuropäische Lepidopteren-Formen Int. Ent. Zs. 4 : 208-209
Warnecke, 1919
Drei lokalformen von Amur-Lepidopteren Int. Ent. Zs. 13 (4) : 25
Weiss, 1979
Eine neue Unterart von Parnassius patricius Niepelt, 1913 Atalanta 10 (1) : 77-80
Wright, 1905
The Butterflies of the West Coast of the United States Butts. West Coast US : 3-257
Wyatt, 1961
Additions to the Rhopalocera of Afghanistan with descriptions of new species and subspecies J. Lep. Soc. 15 (1) : 1-18, pl. 1-3
Wyatt, 1969
Eine neue Rasse von Parnassius phoebus L. aus Kanada Zs. wien. ent. Ges. 54 : 132-133
[BIR]; Wynter-Blyth, 1957
Butterflies of the Indian Region (1982 Reprint)
Yakovlev, 2009
A new subspecies of Parnassius ariadne (Lederer, 1853) from the South-Eastern part of Russian Altai Atalanta 40 : 201
Yakovlev, 2012
Checklist of Butterflies (Papilionoidea) of the Mongolian Altai Mountains, including descriptions of new taxa Nota lepid. 35 (1) : 51-96
Yakovlev in Yakovlev & Doroshkin, 2006
On the fauna of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) of upper stream of Kara-Irtysh river (W. Mongolia) [in Russian] Eversmannia 6 : 13-26
Yoshino, 1997
New Butterflies from China 2 Neo Lepidoptera 2: 1-8
Ziegler, 1901
Sitzungberichte Sitzung vom 22. März Berl. Ent. Zs. 46 (1) (s.b.) : 11-12

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.

	prev	next	Scientific names	Finnish names	English names
All	Hypermnestra	Allancastria	Parnassius	(parnassius)	(parnassius)
	Zygaena	Iphiclides	Parnassius	(parnassius)
Photo	Archon	Allancastria			(parnassius)
Goto:

500x320 (~63Kb) upperside Mt. Canigou, Pyrenees Orientales, France 27/7/96, Photo © Simon Coombes	500x345 (~20Kb) upperside Sweden, Gotland, Hejnum, 23.7.1996, Photo © Tero Piirainen	500x435 (~27Kb) underside Sweden, Gotland, Hejnum, 23.7.1996, Photo © Tero Piirainen
600x360 (~53Kb) larva Finland, Parainen 669:23, 25.06.1985, Photo © Pertti Pakkanen	640x480 (~88Kb) larva Sweden, Småland, ex. ovo, Photo 2000 © Hans Degler	640x480 (~88Kb) pupa Sweden, Småland, ex. ovo, Photo 2000 © Hans Degler
598x400 (~81Kb) larva Central Europe 1990-2000, Photo © Michael Borsch	598x400 (~58Kb) upperside Central Europe 1990-2000, Photo © Michael Borsch

510x390 (~45Kb) upperside The Koksu River left bank 2 km upstream of its junctin with the Argut River, Central Altai Mountains, West Siberia, Russia. July 1988 (sitting on Spiraea chamaedryfolia), Photo © Oleg Kosterin	800x600 (~105Kb) upperside male Spiraea salicifolia L. bushes on the Onon River right bank floodland just below a high steppen terrace, 5 km upstream of the village Nizhnii Tsasuchei, Onon District, Chita Province, Transbaikalia, Siberia, Russia, 16th July 1997, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	533x400 (~42Kb) underside male Spiraea salicifolia L. bushes on the Onon River right bank floodland just below a high steppen terrace, 5 km upstream of the village Nizhnii Tsasuchei, Onon District, Chita Province, Transbaikalia, Siberia, Russia, 16th July 1997, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
800x600 (~117Kb) larva A meadow steppe on a moderate elevation Adon-Chelon at the mountain Tsagan-Obo, 10 km NNW of the village Tasyrkhoi, SE Chita Province (Dahuria), Transbaikalia, Siberia, Russia, 20th June 1995 (The last instar larva near its foodplant Sedum aizoon L.), Photo © Oleg Kosterin

717x456 (~33Kb) female An alpine meadow in the valley of a headwater of the Chikty Rivulet, 2500 m above sea level, the southern principle slope of the Yuzhno-Chuiskii mountain range, the upper Dzhazator River basin, Kosh-Agach District, Altai Republic, West Siberia, Russia. 15th July 1998, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1084x396 (~68Kb) larva A SW slope of a mountain SE of the peak Ilyas and SW of the peak Zhaniktu, which divides sources of the Chikty Rivulet, 3000 m above sea level, the Yuzhno-Chuiskii mountain range, the upper Dzhazator River basin, Kosh-Agach District, Altai Republic, West Siberia, Russia. 15th July 1998, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	800x800 (~153Kb) upperside female Russia, Siberia, Khakass Republic, Ust'-Abakan District, 60 km WWS v. of Ust'-Byur, Terensug River valley 5 km upstream of Assug River mouth, 53°38' N 89°33' E, alt. 700-800 m, meadowy and stony southern slopes within spruce taiga. 5th July 2000, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
1105x899 (~285Kb) upperside male An alpine meadow patch neighbouring with the most elevated larch wood outposts in the Kamdyt valley, a Tekelyu River right tributary which in turn is an Akkem River right tributary, the Katunskii Range northern principal slope, Central [Russian} Altai Mts., Ust'-Koksa District, Altai Rapublic, West SIberia, Russia. 3rd July 2007 (on Aster alpinus), Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1177x918 (~324Kb) upperside male An alpine meadow patch neighbouring with the most elevated larch wood outposts in the Kamdyt valley, a Tekelyu River right tributary which in turn is an Akkem River right tributary, the Katunskii Range northern principal slope, Central [Russian} Altai Mts., Ust'-Koksa District, Altai Rapublic, West SIberia, Russia. 3rd July 2007 (on Aster alpinus), Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1172x904 (~276Kb) upperside male An alpine meadow patch neighbouring with the most elevated larch wood outposts in the Kamdyt valley, a Tekelyu River right tributary which in turn is an Akkem River right tributary, the Katunskii Range northern principal slope, Central [Russian} Altai Mts., Ust'-Koksa District, Altai Rapublic, West SIberia, Russia. 3rd July 2007 (on Aster alpinus), Photo © Oleg Kosterin
984x869 (~214Kb) female An alpine meadow patch neighbouring with the most elevated larch wood outposts in the Kamdyt valley, a Tekelyu River right tributary which in turn is an Akkem River right tributary, the Katunskii Range northern principal slope, Central [Russian] Altai Mts., Ust'-Koksa District, Altai Rapublic, West Siberia, Russia. 3rd July 2007, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1044x879 (~252Kb) upperside female An alpine meadow patch neighbouring with the most elevated larch wood outposts in the Kamdyt valley, a Tekelyu River right tributary which in turn is an Akkem River right tributary, the Katunskii Range northern principal slope, Central [Russian] Altai Mts., Ust'-Koksa District, Altai Rapublic, West Siberia, Russia. 3rd July 2007, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	918x1028 (~240Kb) underside female An alpine meadow patch neighbouring with the most elevated larch wood outposts in the Kamdyt valley, a Tekelyu River right tributary which in turn is an Akkem River right tributary, the Katunskii Range northern principal slope, Central [Russian] Altai Mts., Ust'-Koksa District, Altai Rapublic, West Siberia, Russia. 3rd July 2007, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

900x746 (~117Kb) USA: FR3100, Wenatchee National Forest, (47°03'55N 120°57'48W), Kittitas Co., WA, 29.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela	900x708 (~60Kb) upperside USA: FR3100, Wenatchee National Forest, (47°03'55N 120°57'48W), Kittitas Co., WA, 29.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela	800x892 (~90Kb) underside USA: FR3100, Wenatchee National Forest, (47°03'55N 120°57'48W), Kittitas Co., WA, 29.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela
900x660 (~74Kb) upperside USA: FR3120(?), Wenatchee National Forest, (47°03'51N 120°58'36W), Kittitas Co., WA, 29.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela	800x541 (~47Kb) upperside USA: FR3120(?), Wenatchee National Forest, (47°03'51N 120°58'36W), Kittitas Co., WA, 29.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela	1000x772 (~88Kb) underside USA: FR3120(?), Wenatchee National Forest, (47°03'51N 120°58'36W), Kittitas Co., WA, 29.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela
1000x686 (~97Kb) upperside USA: FR3330(?), Wenatchee National Forest, (47°04'11N 120°56'09W), Kittitas Co., WA, 29.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela	1600x1200 (~354Kb) upperside male Canada, Alberta [not Manitoba], nr. Exshaw, 15.VII.1933 (Parnassius smintheus "manitobaensis"), Photo 2004 © Joseph Belicek NHMW Wien

1947x1497 (~437Kb) upperside female Canada, British Columbia, Mt. Spieker, Photo 2005 © Norbert Kondla leg.	1910x1425 (~453Kb) underside female Canada, British Columbia, Mt. Spieker, Photo 2005 © Norbert Kondla leg.	1831x1415 (~360Kb) upperside male Canada, British Columbia, Mt. Spieker, Photo © Norbert Kondla leg.
1813x1375 (~329Kb) underside male Canada, British Columbia, Mt. Spieker, Photo © Norbert Kondla leg.

1816x1500 (~469Kb) upperside female Canada, British Columbia, Record Ridge, Photo © Norbert Kondla	1800x1500 (~429Kb) underside female Canada, British Columbia, Record Ridge, Photo © Norbert Kondla	1810x1466 (~349Kb) upperside male Canada, British Columbia, Record Ridge, Photo © Norbert Kondla leg.
1752x1398 (~324Kb) underside male Canada, British Columbia, Record Ridge, Photo © Norbert Kondla leg.

640x480 (~69Kb) larva Raddejewka (Amur), ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler	640x480 (~58Kb) larva Raddejewka (Amur), ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler	640x480 (~85Kb) larva Raddejewka (Amur), ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler
640x480 (~76Kb) upperside Raddejewka (Amur), ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler	640x480 (~76Kb) underside Raddejewka (Amur), ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler	640x480 (~58Kb) Raddejewka (Amur), ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler
640x480 (~69Kb) underside Raddejewka (Amur), ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler

500x326 (~30Kb) upperside Finland, A: Lemland, Flaka, 6/1995, Photo © Tero Piirainen	500x431 (~31Kb) upperside Finland, A: Lemland, Flaka, 6/1995, Photo © Tero Piirainen	600x732 (~49Kb) male female Somero 672:30, 22.06.1980, Photo © Pertti Pakkanen
750x488 (~36Kb) Somero 672:30, 22.06.1980, Photo © Pertti Pakkanen	948x707 (~130Kb) upperside male Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 15.6.2009, Photo © D. Smirnov	992x654 (~131Kb) underside male Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 15.6.2009, Photo © D. Smirnov
994x669 (~126Kb) upperside female Russia, Moscow area, 15.6.2011 (36°25'E, 56°00'N), Photo © D. Smirnov	1051x829 (~157Kb) underside female Russia, Moscow area, 18.6.2011 (36°25'E, 56°00'N), Photo © D. Smirnov	717x765 (~156Kb) underside male female Russia, Moscow area, 10.6.2016 (36°25'E, 56°00'N), Photo © D. Smirnov

533x400 (~50Kb) upperside male A bushy meadow on the right bank floodland of the Koen Riverat at the mouth of the Volchikha Rivulet, just downstream of the village Nizhnii Koen, Iskitim District, Novosibirsk Province, West Siberia, Russia. 26th May 1997 (on Taraxacum officinale Wigg.), Photo © Oleg Kosterin	400x533 (~47Kb) underside male A meadow at the bird cherry (Padus avium Mill.) thickets on the Berd' River right bank at the village Legostaevo, Iskitim District, Novosibirsk Province, West Siberia, Russia. 13th June 1994, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	533x400 (~41Kb) larva Collected at: willow and bird cherry thickets on the bottom of the Bugotak Bugotak River valley between the villages Karpysak and the state farm Samarskiy, Toguchin District, Novosibirsk Province, West Siberia, Russia. 7th May 1994 (A third instar larva, photographed in captivity), Photo © Oleg Kosterin
472x472 (~54Kb) larva Collected at: willow and bird cherry thickets on the bottom of the Bugotak Bugotak River valley between the villages Karpysak and the state farm Samarskiy, Toguchin District, Novosibirsk Province, West Siberia, Russia. 7th May 1994 (A third instar larva, photographed in captivity), Photo © Oleg Kosterin	863x1040 (~240Kb) male A bogged alpine meadow patch with seepage neighbouring with the most elevated larch wood outposts in the Kamdyt valley, a Tekelyu River right tributary which in turn is an Akkem River right tributary, the Katunskii Range northern principal slope, Central [Russian] Altai Mts., Ust'-Koksa District, Altai Rapublic, West Siberia, Russia. 3rd July 2007 (on Allium schoenoprasum), Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1131x854 (~276Kb) upperside male A bogged alpine meadow patch with seepage neighbouring with the most elevated larch wood outposts in the Kamdyt valley, a Tekelyu River right tributary which in turn is an Akkem River right tributary, the Katunskii Range northern principal slope, Central [Russian] Altai Mts., Ust'-Koksa District, Altai Rapublic, West Siberia, Russia. 3rd July 2007, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

640x480 (~68Kb) larva Utsubo, Miyagava Vill., Gifu Pref., ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler	640x480 (~113Kb) larva Utsubo, Miyagava Vill., Gifu Pref., ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler	640x480 (~139Kb) pupa Utsubo, Miyagava Vill., Gifu Pref., ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler
640x480 (~76Kb) pupa Utsubo, Miyagava Vill., Gifu Pref., ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler	640x480 (~72Kb) upperside Utsubo, Miyagava Vill., Gifu Pref., ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler	640x480 (~61Kb) underside Utsubo, Miyagava Vill., Gifu Pref., ex. ovo 2000, Photo © Hans Degler

636x490 (~42Kb) upperside male A flowery alpine meadow in a valley of the rivulet descending from the southerm principle slope of the Yuzhno-Chuiskii mountain range between the Chikty and Akbul Rivulets, 2700 m above sea level, the upper Dzhazator River basin, Kosh-Agach District, Altai Republic, West Siberia, Russia. 10th July 1998, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	543x300 (~33Kb) upperside female A flowery alpine meadow in a valley of the rivulet descending from the southerm principle slope of the Yuzhno-Chuiskii mountain range between the Chikty and Akbul Rivulets, 2700 m above sea level, the upper Dzhazator River basin, Kosh-Agach District, Altai Republic, West Siberia, Russia. 10th July 1998, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	567x485 (~39Kb) underside female A flowery alpine meadow in a valley of the rivulet descending from the southerm principle slope of the Yuzhno-Chuiskii mountain range between the Chikty and Akbul Rivulets, 2700 m above sea level, the upper Dzhazator River basin, Kosh-Agach District, Altai Republic, West Siberia, Russia. 10th July 1998, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
952x580 (~104Kb) upperside male A flowery alpine meadow in a valley of the rivulet descending from the southerm principle slope of the Yuzhno-Chuiskii mountain range between the Chikty and Akbul Rivulets, 2700 m above sea level, the upper Dzhazator River basin, Kosh-Agach District, Altai Republic, West SIberia, Russia. 10th July 1998, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	498x400 (~38Kb) underside female A flowery alpine meadow in a valley of the rivulet descending from the southerm principle slope of the Yuzhno-Chuiskii mountain range between the Chikty and Akbul Rivulets, 2700 m above sea level, the upper Dzhazator River basin, Kosh-Agach District, Altai Republic, West Siberia, Russia. 10th July 1998, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1731x1165 (~404Kb) upperside female Canada: British Columbia, Pink Mtn, 3.7.1981, Photo 2007 © Norbert Kondla leg.
1662x1109 (~337Kb) underside female Canada: British Columbia, Pink Mtn, 3.7.1981, Photo 2007 © Norbert Kondla leg.	1556x1128 (~361Kb) upperside male Canada: British Columbia, Pink Mtn, 3.7.1981, Photo 2007 © Norbert Kondla leg.	1503x1056 (~311Kb) underside male Canada: British Columbia, Pink Mtn, 3.7.1981, Photo 2007 © Norbert Kondla leg.

1049x776 (~82Kb) upperside west of Bend, Oregon, USA, 7-91, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt	1200x1442 (~224Kb) USA: Washington, Skagit Co., on Sauk Mountain Rd (48°31'0N 121°36'36W), 15.8.2012, Photo © Markku Savela	1500x1138 (~212Kb) male female USA: Washington, Skagit Co., on Sauk Mountain Rd (48°31'0N 121°36'36W), 15.8.2012, Photo © Markku Savela
1400x1631 (~294Kb) underside USA: Washington, Skagit Co., on Sauk Mountain Rd (48°31'0N 121°36'36W), 15.8.2012, Photo © Markku Savela	700x550 (~46Kb) USA: Wallace Falls State Park, (47°52'33N 121°39'50W), Snohomish Co., WA, 13.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela	1847x1478 (~536Kb) upperside female Canada, British Columbia, Record Ridge, Photo © Norbert Kondla
1816x1503 (~460Kb) underside female Canada, British Columbia, Record Ridge, Photo © Norbert Kondla	1843x1481 (~450Kb) upperside male Canada, British Columbia, nr Greenwood, Photo © Norbert Kondla leg.	1703x1440 (~343Kb) underside male Canada, British Columbia, nr Greenwood, Photo © Norbert Kondla leg.

1500x1125 (~336Kb) upperside female China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5150m), 30.6.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.	1500x1125 (~202Kb) underside female China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5150m), 30.6.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.	1500x1125 (~507Kb) upperside female China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5150m), 30.6.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.
1500x1125 (~326Kb) underside female China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5150m), 30.6.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.	1500x1125 (~277Kb) upperside female China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5150m), 30.6.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.	1500x1125 (~254Kb) upperside female China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5150m), 30.6.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.

1500x1125 (~320Kb) upperside male China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5200m), 1.7.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.	1500x1125 (~197Kb) underside male China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5200m), 1.7.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.	1500x1125 (~345Kb) upperside male China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5200m), 1.7.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.
1500x1125 (~250Kb) upperside male China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5200m), 1.7.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.	1500x1125 (~294Kb) upperside male China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5200m), 1.7.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.	1500x1125 (~228Kb) underside male China, S.Tibet, Karo-La pass (5200m), 1.7.2010, Photo © A. Timchenko leg.