Phocides

Phocides Hübner, [1819]

Phocides Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (7): 103; TS: Phocides cruentus Hübner
Erycides Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (7): 110; TS: Papilio pigmalion Cramer
Dysenius Scudder, 1872; 4th Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. (1871): 67; TS: Erycides albicilla Herrich-Schäffer
- = ; [NL4A], 37

Ericides; Westwood, 1852, (missp.)
Eurycides; Burmeister, 1880, (missp.)
Phocydes; Plötz, 1881, (missp.)
Erycina; Rocha, 1954, (missp.)
Euride; Silva, 1967, (missp.)
Phocides (Eudamini); [NL4A], 37

Phocides belus Godman & Salvin, [1893]

Mexico. See [maps]

Phocides belus Godman & Salvin, [1893]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 293, 3 pl. 76, f. 17-18; TL: Mexico, Tampico; Paso de San Juan; Ventanas

Phocides belus, Moth Photographers Group [MPG]
Phocides belus, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Phocides belus, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]

Phocides belus; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 733; [Opler]; [NL4A], #424

Phocides charon (C. & R. Felder, 1859)

Brazil, Paraguay. See [maps]

Erycides charon C. & R. Felder, 1859; ; TL: Brazil
Erycides scython Godman & Salvin, 1879; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1): 154; TL: Paraguay
- = ; [NL4A], #425
Erycides tophana Plötz, 1879; Stettin Ent. Ztg 40 (7-9): 406; TL: Brazil, Minas Gerais
- = ; [NL4A], #425

Phocides charon, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides charon; [NL4A], #425

Phocides distans (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

Cuba?. See [maps]

Erycides distans Herrich-Schäffer, 1869; CorrespBl. zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 23 (11): 168
?Erycides distans Herrich-Schäffer, 1868; Prodr. Syst. Lep. 3: 60

Phocides distans distans, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides distans; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 294, 3 pl. 76, f. 19-21; [NL4A], #426

P. d. distans Venezuela

Erycides nakawara Weeks, 1906; Psyche 13 (2-3): 70; TL: Suapure, Venezuela
- = Phocides distans distans ; [NL4A], #426a

Phocides distans distans; [NL4A], #426a

P. d. licinus (Möschler, 1879) Colombia, Panama

Erycides licinus Möschler, 1879; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 28 (Abh.): 209; TL: Colombia; Panama
- = Phocides distans ; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 733
Erycides dysonii Plötz, 1879; (nom. nud.)
- = Phocides distans licinus ; [NL4A], #426b
Erycides dysoni Plötz, 1879; (nom. nud.)
- = Phocides distans licinus ; [NL4A], #426b
Pyrrhopyga[sic] dysoni Plötz, 1879; Stettin Ent. Ztg 40 (10-12): 521 (repl. Erycides licinus Möschler); TL: Panama
Erycides sigovesus Möschler, 1880; (repl. name); TL: Colombia,Panama

Phocides distans licinus, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Jemadia dysone; Mabille, 1903, (missp.)
Jemadia licinus; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 264
Phocides distans licinus; [NL4A], #426b

P. d. silva Evans, 1952 Peru

distans silva Evans, 1952; ; TL: Peru

Phocides distans silva, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides distans silva; [NL4A], #426c

Phocides johnsoni Bell, 1947

Colombia, ...?. See [maps]

Phocides johnsoni Bell, 1947; ; TL: Colombia

Phocides johnsoni, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides johnsoni; [NL4A], #427

Phocides lincea (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869)

-. See [maps]

Erycides lincea Herrich-Schäffer, 1869

Phocides lincea lincea, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides lincea; [NL4A], #428

P. l. lincea Brazil, ...?

Erycides grandimacula Mabille, 1877; ; TL: Brazil
- = Phocides lincea lincea ; [NL4A], #428a

Phocides lincea lincea; [NL4A], #428a

P. l. perkinsi (Kaye, 1931) Jamaica

lincea perkinsi (Kaye, 1931) (Epargyreus); ; TL: Jamaica

Phocides lincea perkinsi, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides perkinsae; Riley, 1975, (missp.)
Phocides lincea perkinsi; [NL4A], #428b

Phocides metrodorus Bell, 1932

-. See [maps]

Phocides metrodorus Bell, 1932; ; TL: Colombia

Phocides metrodorus metrodorus, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides metrodorus; [NL4A], #429

P. m. metrodorus Colombia, ...?

Phocides metrodorus metrodorus; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (3): 158; [NL4A], #429a

P. m. metron Evans, 1952 Paraguay, ...?

metrodorus metron Evans, 1952; ; TL: Paraguay

Phocides metrodorus metron, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides metrodorus metron; [NL4A], #429b

P. m. nigrescens Bell, 1938 Colombia, ...?

metrodorus nigrescens Bell, 1938; ; TL: Colombia

Phocides metrodorus nigrescens, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides metrodorus nigrescens; [NL4A], #429c

Phocides novalis Evans, 1952

Peru, ...?. See [maps]

Phocides novalis Evans, 1952; ; TL: Peru

Phocides novalis, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides novalis; [NL4A], #430

Phocides oreides (Hewitson, 1875)

Bolivia, ...?. See [maps]

Erycides oreides Hewitson, 1875; Ill. exot. Butts [5] (Pyrrhopyga V & Erycides): [83], pl. [42], f. 32, 36; TL: Peru

Phocides oreides oreides, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides oreides; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 15; [NL4A], #431

P. o. oreides Peru, :::?

Erycides oreades; Hewitson, [1875], (missp.)
Phocides oreides oreides; [NL4A], #431a

P. o. colombiana Bell, 1938 Colombia, ...?

oreides colombiana Bell, 1938; ; TL: Colombia

Phocides oreides colombiana, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides columbiana; Evans, 1952, (missp.)
Phocides oreides colombiana; [NL4A], #431b

Phocides padrona Evans, 1952

Peru, ..?. See [maps]

Phocides padrona Evans, 1952; ; TL: Peru

Phocides padrona, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides padrona; [NL4A], #432

Phocides partia Evans, 1952

Peru, ...?. See [maps]

Phocides partia Evans, 1952; ; TL: Peru

Phocides partia, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides partia; [NL4A], #433

Phocides perillus (Mabille, 1888)

Colombia. See [maps]

Erycides perillus Mabille, 1888; ; TL: Colombia

Phocides perillus, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides perillus; [NL4A], #434

Phocides pialia (Hewitson, 1857)

Mexico - Brazil. See [maps]

Pyrrhopyga[sic] pialia Hewitson, 1857; Ill. exot. Butts [5] (Pyrrhopyga I-II): [74], pl. [37], f. 12; TL: Brazil

Phocides pialia pialia, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides pialia; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 16; [NL4A], #435

P. p. pialia Brazil

Phocides parvus Röber, 1925; ; TL: Brazil
- = Phocides pialia pialia ; [NL4A], #435a
Phocides zancleius Bell, 1932; ; TL: Brazil, Santa Catarina
- = Phocides pialia pialia ; [NL4A], #435a

Phocides pialia pialia; [NL4A], #435a

P. p. intermedia Mielke, 1992 Brazil(Minas Gerais)

Phocides pialia intermedia Mielke, 1992; ; TL: Brazil, Minas Gerais

Phocides pialia intermedia, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides pialia intermedia; [NL4A], #435b

P. p. maximus (Mabille, 1888) Brazil

pialia maximus (Mabille, 1888) (Erycides); ; TL: Brazil

Phocides pialia maximus, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides pialia maximus; [NL4A], #435c

Phocides pigmalion (Cramer, [1779])

S.Florida - Argentina, Antilles, Colombia, Mexico. See [maps] Mangrove Skipper

Papilio pigmalion Cramer, [1779]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 87, pl. 245, f. A, B; TL: Surinam
Phocides vulcanides Röber, 1925

Phocides pigmalion, Moth Photographers Group [MPG]
Phocides pigmalion pigmalion, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Phocides pigmalion, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]

Pyrrhopyga [= Pyrrhopyge] pigmalion; Hewitson, 1857, Ill. exot. Butts [5] (Pyrrhopyga I-II): [71], pl. [36], f. 3
Erycides pigmalion; Plötz, 1879, Stettin Ent. Ztg 40 (7-9): 410
Phocides pygmalion[sic, recte pigmalion]; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 292, 3 pl. 76, f. 16; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 733
Phocides pigmalion; [NACL], #3865; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 15; [NL4A], #436; [Opler]

P. p. pigmalion Surinam, Colombia, Peru, Brazil

Phocides tenuistriga Mabille & Boullet, 1912; ; TL: Colombia,Peru,Brazil
- = Phocides pigmalion pigmalion ; [NL4A], #436a
Phocides iocularis Röber, 1925; ; TL: Colombia
- = Phocides pigmalion pigmalion ; [NL4A], #436a
Phocides disparilis Röber, 1925; ; TL: [Peru]
- = Phocides pigmalion pigmalion ; [NL4A], #436a

Papilio pygmalion; Guérin-Méneville, 1828, (missp.)
Erycides pygmaleon; Weeks, 1911, (missp.)
Phocides pigmalian; Brown, 1978, (missp.)
Phocides pigmaleon; R. G. Maza & White, 1990, (missp.)
Phocides pigmalion pigmalion; [NL4A], #436a

P. p. bicolora (Boddaert, 1783) Haiti

Sphinx bicolora Boddaert, 1783; ; TL: [Haiti]
Erycides pyres Godman & Salvin, 1879; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1): 154; TL: Haiti,"Puerto Rico"
- = Phocides pigmalion bicolora ; [NL4A], #436d

Phocides pigmalion bicolora, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides bicolor; Brown, 1978, (missp.)
Phocides pigmalion bicolora; [NL4A], #436d

P. p. batabano (Lucas, 1857) Cuba, Tropical America

pigmalion batabano (Lucas, 1857); ; TL: Cuba
Eudamus batabano Lucas, 1857; in Sagra, Hist. fis. pol. nat. Isla Cuba (2) 7: 624; TL: Cuba
Erycides mancinus Herrich-Schäffer, 1862; ; TL: Cuba
- = Erycides batabano ??Lefèbre, 1867; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 56
- = Phocides pigmalion batabano ; [NL4A], #436b

Phocides pigmalion batabano, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Erycides batabano Lefèbre, 1867[?]; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 56
Erycides batabana[sic]; Plötz, 1879, Stettin Ent. Ztg 40 (7-9): 407
Phocides macinus; Barnes & Benjamin, 1926, (missp.)
Phocides mancimus; Evans, 1952, (missp.)
Phocides pigmalion batabano; [NL4A], #436b
Phocides batabano; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 14

P. p. okeechobee (Worthington, 1881) Florida

Erycides pigmalion okeechobee Worthington, 1881; ; TL: Florida

Phocides pigmalion okeechobee, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides pigmalion okeechobee; [NACL], #3865a; [NL4A], #436f

P. p. hewitsonius (Mabille, 1883) Brazil(Amazonas), Peru, Bolivia

pigmalion hewitsonius (Mabille, 1883) (Erycides); ; TL: Brazil, Amazonas
Phocides aberrans Röber, 1925; ; TL: Peru
- = Phocides pigmalion hewitsonius ; [NL4A], #436e
Phocides jemadides Röber, 1925; ; TL: Bolivia
- = Phocides pigmalion hewitsonius ; [NL4A], #436e

Phocides pigmalion hewitsonius, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides pigmalion hewitsonius; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (3): 158; [NL4A], #436e

Misidentified/misapplied:

pigmalion; Hewitson, 1857

P. p. batabanoides (Holland, 1903) Bahamas

pigmalion batabanoides (Holland, 1903) (Erycides); ; TL: Bahamas

Phocides pigmalion batabanoides, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides pigmalion batabanoides; [NL4A], #436c

Phocides polybius (Fabricius, 1793)

S.Texas, Mexico - Argentina, CA, SA. See [maps] Guava Skipper

Hesperia polybius Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 337; TL: "Indiis"

Phocides polybius, Moth Photographers Group [MPG]
Phocides polybius polybius, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides polybius; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 17; [NL4A], #437; [Opler]

P. p. polybius Surinam, Guyana

Papilio palemon Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 54, pl. 131, f. F (homonym Papilio palaemon Pallas, 1771)
Phocides cruentus Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (7): 103 (repl. name); TL: Surinam
Phocides palaemonides Röber, 1925
- = Phocides polybius polybius ; [NL4A], #437a
Phocides palemon ab. gunderi Williams, 1931; ; TL: Guyana
- = Phocides polybius polybius ; [NL4A], #437a

Phocides palemon, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]

Papilio palaemon[sic, recte palemon]; Goeze, 1780
Erycides palemon; Plötz, 1879, Stettin Ent. Ztg 40 (7-9): 406
Phocides palemon; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 295; [NACL], #3866
Phocides palemonides[sic, recte palaemonides]; Evans, 1952
Phocides plybius[sic, recte polybius]; Cavalcante, 1983
Phocides polybus[sic, recte polybius]; Bentancourt & Scatoni, 1996
Phocides polybius polybius; [NL4A], #437a

P. p. lilea (Reakirt, [1867]) Texas, Mexico - Colombia, Brazil

Erycides lilea Reakirt, [1867]; Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 18 (5): 339; TL: Mexico, Veracruz
?Erycides albicilla Herrich-Schäffer, 1868; Prodr. Syst. Lep. 3: 61
Erycides albicilla Herrich-Schäffer, 1869; CorrespBl. zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 23 (11): 169; TL: [Mexico]
- = Phocides lilea ; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 296
- = Phocides polybius lilea ; [NL4A], #437b
Dysenius cruentus Scudder, 1872; (preocc. Hübner, [1819]); TL: Guatemala
- = Phocides lilea ; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 296
- = Phocides polybius lilea ; [NL4A], #437b
Erycides sanguinea Scudder, 1872; ; TL: Texas
- = ?Phocides lilea ; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 296
- = Phocides polybius lilea ; [NL4A], #437b
Erycides socius Butler & Druce, 1872; Cistula ent. 1 (5): 112; TL: Costa Rica
- = Phocides lilea ; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 296
- = Phocides polybius lilea ; [NL4A], #437b
Erycides imbreus Plötz, 1879; Stettin Ent. Ztg 40 (7-9): 406; TL: [S] Amer.
- = Phocides polybius lilea ; [NL4A], #437b
Erycides decolor Mabille, 1880
- = Phocides lilea ; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 296
- = Phocides polybius lilea ; [NL4A], #437b
Erycides spurius Mabille, 1880; ; TL: [Colombia]
- = Phocides polybius lilea ; [NL4A], #437b
Phocides albiciliata Röber, 1925; ; TL: Guatemala
- = Phocides polybius lilea ; [NL4A], #437b

Phocides polybius lilea, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Dysenius albicilla; Scudder, 1872, 4th Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. (1871): 67
Phocides lilia; Watson, 1893, (missp.)
Phocides lilea; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 296, 3 pl. 76, f. 23-24; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 733
Erycides lilea; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 56
Phocides lilea sanguinea;
Phocides palemon lilea; [NACL], #3866a
Phocides lilea; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 17 (text)
Phocides polybius lilea; [NL4A], #437b

P. p. phanias (Burmeister, 1880) Argentina, Brazil

polybius phanias (Burmeister, 1880) (Eurycides[sic]); ; TL: Argentina
Phocides palaemon[sic] var. unimacula Mabille & Boullet, 1912; ; TL: Brazil,Argentina
- = Phocides polybius phanias ; [NL4A], #437c

Phocides polybius phanias, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides phanius; Brown & Mielke, 1968, (missp.)
Phocides phanis; Cavalcante, 1983, (missp.)
Phocides polybius phanias; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (3): 158; [NL4A], #437c

Phocides thermus (Mabille, 1883)

C.America, ...?. See [maps]

Erycides thermus Mabille, 1883; Bull. Soc. Ent. Belg. 27: li [51]; TL: Colombia

Phocides thermus thermus, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides thermus; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 18; [NL4A], #438

P. t. thermus Colombia

Erycides therinus; Kirby, 1884, (missp.)
Phocides termus; Mabille, 1903, (missp.)
Phocides thernus; Andrade, 2002, (missp.)
Phocides thermus thermus; [NL4A], #438a

P. t. valgus (Mabille, 1883) French Guiana

thermus valgus (Mabille, 1883) (Erycides); ; TL: French Guiana

Phocides thermus valgus, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides thermus valgus; [NL4A], #438c

P. t. bellina Evans, 1952 Ecuador

thermus bellina Evans, 1952; ; TL: Ecuador

Phocides thermus bellina, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides thermus bellina; [NL4A], #438b

Phocides urania (Westwood, [1852])

-. See [maps]

Erycides urania Westwood, [1852]; Gen. diurn. Lep. (2): 510; TL: Mexico, Oaxaca

Phocides urania urania, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Phocides urania, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]

Erycides urania; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52: 56
Phocides urania; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 294, 3 pl. 76, f. 22; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 733; [NACL], #3867; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 20; [NL4A], #439

P. u. urania Mexico, Texas

Erycides texana Scudder, 1872; 4th Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. (1871): 68; TL: Texas
- = Phocides urania urania ; [NL4A], #439a

Phocides urania urania; [NL4A], #439a

P. u. vida (Butler, 1872) Costa Rica, Panama

Erycides vida Butler, 1872; Cistula ent. 1: 86; TL: Costa Rica

Phocides urania vida, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides vida; Godman & Salvin, [1893], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 295; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 20 (text)
Phocides urania vida; [NL4A], #439b

Phocides vulcanides Röber, 1925

Colombia. See [maps]

Phocides vulcanides Röber, 1925; ; TL: Colombia
Phocides xenocrates Bell, 1932; ; TL: Colombia
- = ; [NL4A], #440

Phocides vulcanides, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides xenocrates;
Phocides vulcanides; [NL4A], #440

Phocides yokhara (Butler, 1870)

-. See [maps]

Erycides yokhara Butler, 1870; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1870 (4): 500; TL: Peru

Phocides yokhara yokhara, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides yokhara; [NL4A], #441

P. y. yokhara Peru

Phocides yokhara yokhara; [NL4A], #441a

P. y. charonotis (Hewitson, 1874) Bolivia, Peru

Ericides[sic] charonotis Hewitson, 1874; Descr. new Spec. Butts Buckley Bolivia: 21; TL: Bolivia
Phocides oreas Mabille & Boullet, 1912; ; TL: Peru,Bolivia
- = Phocides yokhara charonotis ; [NL4A], #441b
Phocides debora Mabille & Boullet, 1912; ; TL: Bolivia
- = Phocides yokhara charonotis ; [NL4A], #441b

Phocides yokhara charonotis, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Ericides[sic] charonotis; Hewitson, 1875, Ill. exot. Butts [5] (Pyrrhopyga V & Erycides): [83], pl. [42], f. 33-34
Erycides charonitis; Kirby, 1876, (missp.)
Phocides charonotis; [BOW]: pl. 85, f. 15 (text)
Phocides yokhara charonotis; [NL4A], #441b

P. y. dryas Le Cerf, 1922 Peru

yokhara dryas Le Cerf, 1922; ; TL: Peru

Phocides yokhara dryas, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides yokhara dryas; [NL4A], #441c

P. y. inca Le Cerf, 1922 Peru

yokhara inca Le Cerf, 1922; ; TL: Peru
ab. pratti Le Cerf, 1922; ; TL: Peru
- = Phocides yokhara inca ; [NL4A], #441d

Phocides yokhara inca, Butterflies of America [BOA]

Phocides yokhara inca; [NL4A], #441d

References:

[BAMONA] Opler, Pavulaan, Stanford & Pogue
Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
[BCA] electronic
BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[BHL] The
Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!
[BOA] Interactive Listing of American Butterflies
Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
[HBN] Francis Hemming, 1937
HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2
[JLS]
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles
[LAMAS-NEO] Gerardo Lamas
Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[MPG]
North American Moth Photographers Group
[Opler] Opler & Warren, 2003 (April)
Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.
[Simon Coombes] 1 Park Street, Plymouth, PL3 4BL, UK
01752 607854; e-mail: Simon Coombes; http://www.butterfly-guide.co.uk
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

Some related literature:

Brown & Mielke, 1967
Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 77-106, (3): 145-168
Butler, 1870
Descriptions of some new diurnal Lepidoptera, chiefly Hesperiidae Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1870 (4) : 485-520
Butler, 1872
Descriptions of new Butterflies from Costa Rica Cistula ent. 1 : 72-90
Butler & Druce, 1872
Descriptions of new genera and species of Lepidoptera from Costa Rica Cistula ent. 1 (5) : 95-118
Cramer, [1777]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 1-152, pl. 97-192 (1777)
Cramer, [1779]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 1-104, pl. 193-252 (1779), (22): 105-128, pl. 253-264 ([1780]), (23-24): 129-176, pl. 265-288 (1780)
Westwood, [1852]
The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habitats and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus; illustrated with 86 plates by W. C. Hewitson Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 1-18, pl. A, 1-4 (1-2) (1846), (1): 19-132, pl. 4*, 18*, 5-25, 28 (3-14) (1847), (1): 133-200, pl. 1*, 26, 27, 29 (15-23) (1848), (1): pl. 31-44 (15-23) (1848), (1): 201-242, pl. 30, 45-52, 56-58, 60-62, 64 (24-31) (1849), (1): 243-250 [?], (2): 243-326, pl. 53-55, 63, 65, 66 (32-38) (1850), (2): 327-466, pl. 59, 67-77 (39-50) (1851), (2): 467-534, 143, 144, pl. 78-80 (Index) (51-54) (1852)
Dyar, 1903
A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. nat. Mus. 52 : 1-723
Fabricius, 1793
Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta. Ent. Syst. 3 (1) : 1-487
Godman & Salvin, 1879
Descriptions of new Species of Rhopalocera from Central and South America Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1) : 150-155, pl. 14
Godman & Salvin, [1893]; Godman & Salvin, [1901]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782, 3: pl. 1-112
Herrich-Schäffer, 1868
Prodromus Systematics Lepidopterorum Prodr. Syst. Lep. 3 : 1-84
Herrich-Schäffer, 1869
Versuch einer systematischen Anordnung der Schmetterlinge CorrespBl. zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 23 (4): 56-64, (5): 67-77, (9): 130-141, (11): 163-172, (12): 184-204
Hewitson, 1857; Hewitson, 1875
Illustrations of new species of exotic Butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson Ill. exot. Butts [5] : (Systematic Index) V, (Anteros): [1-2], pl. [1] (1867), (Erycina & Necyria): [3-4], pl. [2] (1870), (Erycina Symmachia &c): [5-6], pl. [3] (1875), (Necyria & Esthemopsis): [7-8], pl. [4] (1872), (Calydna): [9-10], pl. [5] (1854), (Calydna II): [11-12], pl. [6] (1859), (Theope): [13-14], pl. [7] (1860), (Symmachia): [15-16], pl. [8] (1867), (Symmachia & Charis II): [17-18], pl. [9] (1871), (Charis): [19-20], pl. [10] (1866), (Emesis): [21-22], pl. [11] (1872), (Nymphidium I): [23-24], pl. [12] (1853), (Nymphidium II-III): [25-28], pl. [13-14] (1865), (Nymphidium IV): [29-30], pl. [15] (1871), (Lemonias I): [31-32], pl. [16] (1853), (Lemonias II): [33-34], pl. [17] (1858), (Lemonias III-IV): [35-38], pl. [18-19] (1863), (Lemonias V): [39-40], pl. [20] (1872), (Lemonias & Baeotis): [41-42], pl. [21] (1875), (Lemonias & Baeotis): [43-44], pl. [22] (1874), (Pachythone & Cremna): [45-46], pl. [23] (1873), (Hades, Uraneis, &c): [47-48], pl. [24] (1870), (Limnas I-II): [49-52], pl. [25-26] (1853), (Limnas & Panara): [53-54], pl. [27] (1875), (Limnas &c): [55-56], pl. [28] (1876), (Limnas & Ithomeis): [57-58], pl. [29] (1870), (Chamaelimnas & Ithomiola): [59-60], pl. [30] (1871), (Hermathena &c): [61-62], pl. [31] (1875), (Ogyris): [63-64], pl. [32] (1853), (Pentila & Liptena): [65-66], pl. [33] (1866), (Pentila & Liptena II): [67-68], pl. [34] (1873), (Lycaena): [69-70], pl. [35] (1876), (Pyrrhopyga I-II): [71-74], pl. [36-37] (1857), (Pyrrhopyga): [75-76], pl. [38] (1869), (Pyrrhopyga II-III): [77-80], pl. [39-40] (1871), (Pyrrhopyga IV): [81-82], pl. [41] (1873), (Pyrrhopyga V & Erycides): [83-84], pl. [42] (1875), (Ismene I-II): [85-88], pl. [43-44] (1867), (Eudamus): [89-90], pl. [45] (1873), (Eudamus II-III): [91-94], pl. [46-47] (1875), (Chaetocneme): [95-96], pl. [48] (1874), (Hesperia I-II): [97-100], pl. [49-50] (1867), (Hesperia III): [101-102], pl. [51] (1868), (Hesperia IV): [103-104], pl. [52] (1869), (Hesperia V): [105-106], pl. [53] (1872), (Hesperia V*-VI): [107-110], pl. [54-55] (1873), (Hesperia VII): [111-112], pl. [56] (1876), (Leucochitonea): [113-114], pl. [57] (1869), (Leucochitonea II): [115-116], pl. [58] (1875), (Pterygospidea): [117-118], pl. [59] (1873), (Cyclopides): [119-120], pl. [60] (1874), (Cyclopides & Hesperilla): [121-122], pl. [61] (1874)
Hewitson, 1874
Descriptions of new species of butterflies collected by Mr. Buckley in Bolivia Descr. new Spec. Butts Buckley Bolivia: 22pp
[NACL]; Hodges, 1983
Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico Check List Lep. Am. N of Mexico
Hübner, [1819]
Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])
[NL4A]; Lamas, 2004
Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera
[BOW]; Lewis, 1974
Butterflies of the World
Lucas, 1857
Historia física política y natural de la Isla de Cuba. (Lepidópteros) in Sagra, Hist. fis. pol. nat. Isla Cuba (2) 7 : 474-750, pl. 14-17 (French Edition) (1857), : 202-313, pl. 14-17 (1857)
Mabille, 1883
Description d'hespériens Bull. Soc. Ent. Belg. 27 : li-lxxviii
Möschler, 1879
Neue exotische Hesperidae Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 28 (Abh.) : 203-230
Neck, 1981
Leaf selection for oviposition sites by a tropical skipper butterfly J. Lep. Soc. 35 (3): 240-242
Plötz, 1879
Die Hesperiinen-Gattung Erycides Hübn. und ihre Arten Stettin Ent. Ztg 40 (7-9) : 406-411
Plötz, 1879
Die Hesperiinen-Gattung Pyrrhopyga und ihre Arten Stettin Ent. Ztg 40 (10-12) : 520-538
[NAB]; Pyle, 1981
Field Guide to North American Butterflies, National Audubon Society
Reakirt, [1867]
Descriptions of some new species of Diurnal Lepidoptera. Series II Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 18 (4): 331-336 (1867), (5): 337-342 (1867)
Scudder, 1872
A systematic Revision of some of the American Butterflies; with brief notes on those known to occur in Essex County, Mass. 4th Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. (1871) : 24-83,errata
Weeks, 1906
New Lepidoptera from Venezuela Psyche 13 (2-3) : 67-73

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