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Some related literature:
Clemens, 1859
Synopsis of the North American Sphingides
J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 4 (2): 97-190
Druce in Godman & Salvin, 1881
Biologia Centrali-Americana; or Contributions to the Knowledge of the Fauna of Mexico and Central America. Zoology. Lepidoptera. Heterocera
Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Heterocera1: 1-490,
3: pl. 1-101
Grote & Robinson, 1868
Notes on the North American Lepidoptera in the British Museum and described by Mr. Francis Walker
Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 2
: 67-88
[MNA21]; Hodges, 1971
SPHINGOIDEA
Moths America N of Mexico 21
[HMW]; Kitching & Cadiou, 2000
An annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)
Hawkmoths of the World
Walker, 1856
List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum
List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus.8: 1-271 (1856)
If you have corrections, comments or
information to add into these pages, just send mail to
Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.