Russula

Russula Haperot Kremlor

750x683 (~97Kb) FINLAND: Ab: Suomusjärvi, 669:31, 21.9.1997, Photo © Markku Savela

The exact identification of this species is still unknown, but tentatively assumed to belong into this group.

The compactae species-group

Russula nigricans Fr. NEU. See [maps] Mustahapero Harvahelttainen mustahapero Svartkremla
Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Nokihapero Gråsvart kremla
Russula anthracina Romagn. NEU. See [maps] Kolkremla
- var. insipida
Russula adusta Fr. NEU. See [maps] Savuhapero Svedkremla

578x508 (~106Kb) Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 18.8.2008, Photo © D. Smirnov
Russula densifolia Gill. NEU. See [maps] Harmohapero Tätskivig svedkremla
Russula acrifolia Romagn. NEU. See [maps] Tuhkahapero Skarp svedkremla
Russula delica Fr. NEU. See [maps] Suppilohapero Trattkremla

1078x523 (~150Kb) Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 5.9.2008, Photo © D. Smirnov
Russula pseudodelica Lange Gulskivig trattkremla
Russula chloroides (Krombh.) Bres. NEU. See [maps] Smalskivig trattkremla

The heterophyllae species-group

Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Kyyhkyhapero Brokkremla

identification uncertain 664x604 (~158Kb) Russia, Moscow area, 17.7.2011 (36°25'E, 56°00'N), Photo © D. Smirnov
Russula langei Bon Hårdkremla
Russula cutefracta Cooke NEU. See [maps] Sprickkremla
Russula virescens (Schaeff.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Ruutuhapero Rutkremla
Russula mustelina Fr. CEU. See [maps] Ruskohapero Brunkremla
Russula heterophylla (Fr.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Haarukkahapero Gaffelkremla
- Russula furcata Lam. Fr. ss. M.M. Moser et auct. p.p.
?Russula furcata

704x501 (~74Kb) Russia: Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 21.09.2007, Photo © D. Smirnov

Russula vesca Fr.

NEU. See [maps] Palterohapero Kantkremla

977x1020 (~127Kb) Finland: Nokia, Pohjanloukko, 15.9.2009, Photo © Harri Arkkio	680x1020 (~94Kb) Finland: Nokia, Pohjanloukko, 15.9.2009, Photo © Harri Arkkio	801x792 (~138Kb) Finland: Sahalahti, Korpiniemi, 6.10.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio
919x886 (~95Kb) Finland: Sahalahti, Korpiniemi, 6.10.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio

The griseinae species-group

Russula grisea Fr. NEU. See [maps] Gulskivig brokkremla
- ?palumbina
identification uncertain 641x500 (~98Kb) Russia: Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 30.08.2007, Photo © D. Smirnov
Russula ionochlora Romagn. NEU. See [maps] Papegojkremla
- Russula grisea Fr. sensu J. Schäff.
Russula parazurea J. Schaeff. NEU. See [maps] Blågrön kremla
Russula anatina Romagn. NEU. See [maps] Skimmerkremla
Russula aeruginea Lindbl. NEU. See [maps] Koivuhapero Grönkremla
- ?graminicolor
Russula amoenicolor Romagn. Brokig sammetskremla Sammatskremla
- Russula amoena Quél.
Russula violeipes Quél. NEU. See [maps] Persikkahapero Violfotskremla

The lilaceae species-group

Incrustatae

Russula lilacea Quél. NEU. See [maps] Härmähapero Lilakremla
Russula azurea Bres. NEU. See [maps] Sinihapero Azurkremla
?Russula aurora Krombh. NEU. See [maps] Rosenkremla
- rosea
Russula emeticicolor (J. Schäff.) Singer Korallröd kremla
- emeticolor (J. Schäff.) ?Bon
Russula minutula Velen. Liten rosenkremla
Russula rosea Pers. nom. illeg. NEU. See [maps] Rusohapero Himmeä punajalkahapero Fagerkremla
- Russula lepida var. lactea Pers. Corbelli
- Russula lepida Fr.
- Russula rosacea Pers. Gray nom. illeg.
Russula amarissima Romagn. & Gilb.
Russula risigallina (Batsch) Sacc. NEU. See [maps] Aprikoosihapero Aprikoskremla
- Russula chamaeleontina Fr.
- Russula vitellina Pers. Gray
- risigallina (Batsch) ?Kuyper & van Vuure
- lutea; (part.)
Russula lutea (Huds.) Gray NEU. See [maps] Munahapero Äggkremla
- Russula vitellina sensu Romagn.
Russula roseipes Bres. Ruusuhapero Rosenfotskremla
- Russula lutea var. roseipes Bres.
Russula turci Bres. NEU. See [maps] Jodihapero Jodoformkremla

The tenellae species-group

Russula puellaris Fr. NEU. See [maps] Tyttöhapero Kellertävä hapero Sienakremla
- Russula puellaris var. leprosa Bres.
- leprosa (Bres.)
Russula puellula Ebbesen, Møll & J. Schaeff. Småkremla
Russula versicolor J. Schäff. NEU. See [maps] Monivärihapero Skarp sienakremla
- Russula blackfordiae Peck
Russula brunneoviolacea Crawshay NEU. See [maps] Brunviolett kremla
Russula nitida (Pers.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Korpihapero Suohapero Åderkremla
- Russula venosa Velen.
Russula sphagnophila Kauffman NEU. See [maps] Rahkahapero Vitmosskremla
- Russula sphagnophila var. heterosperma Singer
- Russula venosa var. pallida Lange
Russula nauseosa (Pers.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Häivehapero Strimkremla
Russula cessans A. Pearson NEU. See [maps] Havupuistohapero Tallkremla
- Russula cessans ?Pers.
Russula odorata Romagn. NEU. See [maps] Doftkremla

The decolorantes species-group

Russula decolorans (Fr.) Fr.

NEU. See [maps] Kangashapero Tegelkremla

identification uncertain 666x600 (~94Kb) Russia: Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 30.08.2007, Photo © D. Smirnov

identification uncertain 756x569 (~101Kb) Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 18.8.2008, Photo © D. Smirnov

Russula vinosa Lindblad NEU. See [maps] Viinihapero Vinkremla
- Russula obscura Romell Peck
Russula claroflava Grove NEU. See [maps] Keltahapero Gulkremla
- Russula flava Romell Romell
870x586 (~104Kb) Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 18.8.2008, Photo © D. Smirnov
Russula melliolens Quél. NEU. See [maps] Hunajahapero Honungskremla
Russula artesiana Bon Brunfotad kremla
- Russula viscida var. occidentalis

The viridantes species-group

Russula xerampelina (Schaeff.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Sillihapero Sillkremla
- Russula erythropus Pelt.
- Russula xerampelina var. erythropus Pelt. Konrad & J. Favre
?Russula erythropoda Pelt. Kangassillihapero
Russula graveolens Romell NEU. See [maps] Lehtosillihapero Brokig sillkremla
- Russula xerampelina var. purpurata Crawshay
- purpurata (Crawshay)
Russula faginea Romagn. Bok-sillkremla

The polychromae species-group

Russula coerulea Fr. NEU. See [maps] Kupuhapero Puckelkremla
- Russula amara Kucera
- Russula caerulea Fr.
Russula integra (L.) Fr. ss. Maire NEU. See [maps] Mantelihapero Mandelkremla
- Russula polychroma Singer ex Hora
identification uncertain 626x487 (~90Kb) Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 18.8.2008, Photo © D. Smirnov
Russula romellii Maire NEU. See [maps] Kaunonahkahapero Mångfärgad kremla
Russula carpini Heinemann & Girard Avenbokskremla
Russula curtipes Møll. & J. Schaeff. NEU. See [maps] Kortfotad kremla
Russula carminipes Blum.
Russula olivacea (Schaeff.) Pers. NEU. See [maps] Kirjonahkahapero Rödfotad läderkremla
- Russula alutacea sensu. J.E. Lange
Russula alutacea (Pers.) Fr. sensu Melzer & Zvára NEU. See [maps] Nahkahapero Vitfotad läderkremla Läderkremla
?Russula vinosobrunnea (Bres.) Romagn.

The coccineae species-group

Russula paludosa Britzelm. NEU. See [maps] Isohapero Storkremla
- Russula elatior Lindblad
Russula velenovskyi Melzer & Zvára NEU. See [maps] Hakahapero Tegelröd björkkremla
Russula aurea Pers. NEU. See [maps] Kultahapero Guldkremla
- Russula aurata With. Fr.
Russula laeta Møll. & J. Schaeff. Skönkremla
Russula borealis Kauffm. NEU. See [maps]
Russula rubroalba (Sing.) Romagn. Blodröd läderkremla
Russula pseudointegra Arnould & Goris NEU. See [maps] Tammihapero Röd ekkremla
Russula aurantiaca (J. Schäff.) J. Schäff. Orangekremla
- aurantiaca (J. Schaeff.) ?Romagn. ex. Bon

The fragiles species-group

Piperinae

The emeticinae species-subgroup

Russula emetica (Schaeff.) Pers. NEU. See [maps] Tulipunahapero Kirpeä punahapero Giftkremla
- var. silvestris Singer Liten giftkremla
Russula betularum Hora Kalvashapero Blek giftkremla
- Russula emetica var. betularum Hora Romagn.
- Russula emeticella Singer
Russula nana Britzelm. NEU. See [maps] Paljakkahapero Fjällkremla
- Russula emetica var. alpestris Boud.
- Russula alpina Blytt Møller & J. Schäff.
- Russula nana ?Killerm.
Russula mairei Singer NEU. See [maps] Pyökkihapero Bokkremla
- ?fageticola (Melzer) Lundell
Russula griseascens (Bon & Gaugué) Marti Gånande giftkremla
Russula luteotacta Rea NEU. See [maps] Keltatäplähapero Gulnande blodkremla

The atropurpurinae species-subgroup

Russula undulata Velen. NEU. See [maps] Purppurahapero Purpurkremla
- Russula atropurpurea Krombh. Britzelm. non Peck
- Russula krombholzii Shaffer
- Russula rubra Krombh.
574x602 (~100Kb) Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 18.8.2008, Photo © D. Smirnov 596x579 (~97Kb) Russia, Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 18.8.2008, Photo © D. Smirnov
Russula aquosa Leclair Kosteikkohapero
- Russula carminea Jul. Schäff. Kühner & Romagn.
Russula atrorubens Quél. sensu Lange NEU. See [maps] Tummalakihapero Svartröd kremla
Russula fragilis (Pers.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Haurashapero Skörkremla
- Russula gracilis Burl. ss. Singer, M.M. Moser
- var. knauthii (Singer) Kuyper & Vuure NEU Körsbärskremla
  - Russula knauthii Singer

The violacenae species-subgroup

Russula violacea Quél. sensu Romagn. NEU. See [maps] Violettihapero Violetgrön kremla
- Russula fallax Fr. #Britzelm. sensu Lange
Russula cavipes Britz. sensu Heim Hålkremla
Russula pelargonia Niolle sensu Romagn. NEU. See [maps] Pelargonihapero Pelargonkremla
Russula clariana Heim ex. Kuyper & Vuure NEU. See [maps] Poppelkremla

The sanguineae species-group

Russula gracillima J. Schaeff. NEU. See [maps] Viitahapero Spädkremla
Russula depallens (Pers.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Rusoreunahapero Bleknande björkkremla
- Russula exalbicans Pers. Melzer & Zvára
- Russula pulchella I.G. Borshch.
Russula persicina Krombh. NEU. See [maps] Tomaattihapero Bleknande blodkremla
- Russula intactior J. Schäff.
- Russula persicina var. intactior J. Schäff. Romagn.
- ?rubicunda
Russula sanguinea (Bull.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Verihapero Blodkremla
- ?rosacea; (part)
Russula queletii Fr. NEU. See [maps] Kuusihapero Napahapero Krusbärskremla
Russula fuscorubroides Bon Rubinkremla
Russula torulosa Bres. Sandkremla
Russula fuscorubra (Bres.) Sing.
Russula sardonia Fr. NEU. See [maps] Kyynelhapero Tårkremla
- Russula drimeia Cooke

The insidiosae species-group

Russula cinnamomicolor Krombh. Kirjolehtohapero Kanelkremla Glanskremla?
- Russula cuprea Krombh. & J.E. Lange
- Russula firmula Jul. Schäff. non ss. Romagn.
- Russula transiens Singer Romagn.
Russula urens Romell NEU. See [maps] Nokkoshapero Etterkremla
- ?adulterina; (part.)
Russula badia Quél. NEU. See [maps] Pippurihapero Pepparkremla
Russula veternosa Fr. NEU. See [maps] Karvashapero Beskkremla
- Russula schiffneri Singer
Russula maculata Quél. NEU. See [maps] Fläckkremla
- var. bresadoliana (Singer) Romagn. Täplähapero
Russula mesospora Sing. Praktkremla
Russula decipiens (Sing.) Kühn. & Romagn. ex Svrcek NEU. See [maps] Vinröd äggkremla
?Russula rubra (Lambotte) Fr. Rubiinihapero Rödkremla

The ingratae species-group

The foetentinae species-subgroup

Russula foetens (Pers.) Pers.

NEU. See [maps] Haisuhapero Stinkkremla

597x560 (~105Kb) Russia, Moscow area, 22.9.2006, Photo © D. Smirnov	1530x1020 (~225Kb) Finland: Nokia, Penttilä, 1.9.2009, Photo © Harri Arkkio	1530x1020 (~217Kb) Finland: Nokia, Penttilä, 1.9.2009, Photo © Harri Arkkio
929x1020 (~107Kb) Finland: Nokia, Penttilä, 1.9.2009, Photo © Harri Arkkio	1404x1020 (~204Kb) Finland: Nokia, Penttilä, 3.9.2009, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Russula grata Britzelm. NEU. See [maps] Tuoksuhapero Marsipankremla
- Russula laurocerasi Melzer
- ?fragrans
Russula illota Romagn. NEU. See [maps] Mörkeggad stinkkremla
Russula amoenolens Romagn. NEU. See [maps]
- sororia; (part)
Russula pectinatoides Peck Kampahapero Sträv kamkremla
Russula farinipes Romell NEU. See [maps] Jauhojalkahapero Mjölfotskremla
Russula pectinata (Bull.) Fr. Kamkremla

The felleinae species-subgroup

Russula fellea (Fr.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Sappihapero Gallkremla
- Russula ochracea Alb. & Schwein. Fr.
Russula consobrina (Fr.) Fr. NEU. See [maps] Polttiaishapero Nässelkremla
Russula ochroleuca Pers. NEU. See [maps] Sinappihapero Kirpeä keltahapero Senapskremla Skarp gulkremla

The ? species-group

Russula alnetorum Romagn. Lepikkohapero Alkremla
- Russula pumila Rouzeau & F. Massart
Russula amethystina Quél. Ametistihapero
Russula cremeoavellanea Singer Konnanhapero Gul mandelkremla
Russula elaeodes (Bres.) Bon Vihersillihapero
- Russula cicatricata Romagn. ex Bon
- Russula olivacea Schaeff. Pers. ss. Romell
Russula font-queri Singer Koivunpuistohapero
Russula fusconigra Moser Korpimantelihapero
- Russula fuscomaculata Romagn. (inval.)
Russula helodes Melzer Helohapero
Russula lundellii Singer Koivunlehtohapero Praktkremla
- Russula pulcherrima S. Lundell & Jul. Schäff. non Velen.
?Russula neglecta Orvonhapero
Russula norvegica Reid Norjanhapero
Russula olivaceoviolascens Gill. ex Sacc. & Trotter Viherlakihapero
Russula postiana Romell Oliivihapero? Grön äggkremla?
- Russula olivascens Pers. sensu Bres., Romagn. non Fr.
Russula oreina Singer Tunturisillihapero
- Russula pascua Møller & J. Schäff. Kühner
Russula piceetorum Singer Kuusenlehtohapero
- Russula adulterina Fr. sensu Zvára & Melzer, Romagn. non Fr.
Russula saliceticola (Singer) Kühner ex Knudsen & T. Borgen Vaivaispajunhapero Videkremla
Russula solaris Ferd. & Winge Aurinkohapero Solkremla
Russula rhodopoda Zvára Punajalkahapero Lackkremla
Russula viscida Kudrna Nahkajalkahapero

3.2.2008 (129)

References:

[D. Smirnov]
Russia, Moscow; e-mail: D. Smirnov
[Harri Arkkio]
Finland; For the time being these pictures are only for this site. Other usage not allowed.
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.

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