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Timeline of knowledge about the interstellar and intergalactic medium
Timeline
of the
interstellar medium
and
intergalactic medium[?]
1848
-
Lord Rosse[?]
studies
M1
and names it the
Crab Nebula
1864
-
William Huggins[?]
studies the
spectrum
of the
Orion Nebula
and shows that it is a cloud of gas
1927
-
Ira Bowen[?]
explains unidentified
spectral lines
from space as
forbidden transition lines
1930
-
Robert Trumpler[?]
discovers absorption by
interstellar dust
by comparing the angular sizes and brightnesses of
globular clusters
1944
-
Hendrik van de Hulst[?]
predicts the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral interstellar
hydrogen
1951
-
H.I. Ewen[?]
and
Edward Purcell[?]
observe the 21 cm
hyperfine[?]
line of neutral interstellar hydrogen
1956
-
Lyman Spitzer[?]
predicts
coronal gas[?]
around the
Milky Way
1965
-
James Gunn[?]
and
Bruce Peterson[?]
use observations of the relatively low absorption of the blue component of the
Lyman-alpha line[?]
from
3C9[?]
to strongly constrain the density and ionization state of the intergalactic medium
1969
-
Lewis Snyder[?]
,
David Buhl[?]
,
Ben Zuckerman[?]
, and
Patrick Palmer[?]
find interstellar
formaldehyde
1970
-
Arno Penzias[?]
and
Robert Wilson[?]
find interstellar
carbon monoxide
1970
-
George Carruthers[?]
observes molecular hydrogen in space
1977
-
Christopher McKee[?]
and
Jeremiah Ostriker[?]
propose a three component theory of the interstellar medium
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