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After the decision is made, every person's actions must be in accourdance with the Emir's decision, even if his opinion was different. The Amir's decision is a rule which must be enforced by all individuals. Any person can voice, be it in public or private, that his opinion is different then that of the Amir. Nevertheless, the rule cannot be openly broken.
There is no clear agreement among Islamic scholars on numerous key points about shura. These bear on whether a modern Islamic government should more resemble a democracy or a dictatorship.
One of the suras fairly clearly says the Imam (leader) must consult, as also supported by the ayah[?] ""..and consult with them on the matter" (3:159)", but the other reads more as if he may or should consult as noted by "those who conduct their affairs by counsel [are praised]"(43:38).
Secondly, who should be consulted? All the faithful, or only men and not women, or only clerics, or only those with expertise in the matter under discussion, such as military affairs?
Thirdly, upon what subjects? Should all decisions of the Imam be put out to shura? This seems similar to the way Western governments can dispute over how much power parliamentarians and cabinets have to speak for their constituents, or whether a referendum may be necessary.
Fourthly, is the result of the consultation binding on the Emir? Again, the examples of the Prophet's behaviour do not make this entirely clear for modern scholars.
The Iranian government since their Islamic Revolution has practiced Shura as the Aytollah[?] chosen as Emir consults with other Ayatollahs and clerics[?] and scholars.
The Saudi Arabian government set up a Shura council in 1993, which is now at 120 members. However, theirs system has been drawn criticism since the Saudi government is led by a monarchy, which is rejected in an authentic Islamic system because the Emir/caliph needs to be selected by election.
Oman allows Shura, but its members aren't elected, and their opinions are to adivse the Sultan.
Egypt's Parliment is known as the Shura, and each member has a six-year term.
In September 2001, the Emir of Afghanistan summoned a Shura to discuss the fate of Osama bin Laden who was residing in the country. The clerics came to the conclusion to ask him to remove himself voluntarily from the country. Before this decision, outside observers felt the Shura would rubber-stamp the wishes of the Taliban leadership. The Shura was a traditional form of assembly in Afghanistan, parallel to the secular loya jirga.
wikipedia.org dumped 2003-03-17 with terodump