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A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around special issues. In many democratic countries spurning the election of individuals, voting is centered around parties.
Among the most famous parties are the (former) Soviet communist party, role model for the whole of the former Eastern Bloc countries, and the Labour and Conservative parties of the United Kingdom.
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Single-party state, Two-party system (See de:Politische Partei (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politische_Partei) for good ideas, please.)
There are notable exceptions: In the United States, the (currently) conservative Republican is red, and the (currently) progressive Democrat is blue, stemming from southern Texas ballots helping illiterate voters in late 19th century and early 20th century thus colored [1] (http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/RR/pqrsu.html). In Taiwan, New Party uses yellow as its party color though its policies are conservative; Democratic Progressive Party uses green though its international alignment is with the Liberal International.
Color associations are useful for mnemonics when voter illiteracy is significant. Another use case is when it is not desirable to make rigorous links to parties, particularly when coalitions and alliances are formed between political parties and other organizations, for example: Red-Green Alliance, Blue-Green Alliance, Pan-green coalition, and Pan-blue coalition.
See also: Political parties of the world, Party-list proportional representation
wikipedia.org dumped 2003-03-17 with terodump