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| Career | |
|---|---|
| Laid down: | 25 March 1943 |
| Launched: | 12 December 1943 |
| Commissioned: | 29 April 1944 |
| Fate: | sunk as a target |
| Struck: | 1 July 1964 |
| General Characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 1526 tons surfaced, 2391 tons submerged |
| Length: | 311.7 feet |
| Beam: | 27.2 feet |
| Draft: | 16.8 feet |
| Speed: | 20.3 knots surfaced, 8.8 knots submerged |
| Test Depth: | 400 feet |
| Complement: | six officers, 60 men |
| Armament: | one five-inch/25 gun or Regulus missile; six 21-inch torpedo tubes forward, four 21-inch torpedo tubes aft |
Barberos war operations span the period from 9 August 1944, until 2 January 1945, during which time she completed two war patrols. She is credited with sinking three Japanese merchant ships totaling 9126 tons while patrolling in the Java and South China Seas.
On 27 December 1944, enroute to Fremantle, Australia, Barbero, while at periscope depth, received an aerial bomb close aboard aft. This near miss damaged the port reduction gear and put Barbero out of action for the remainder of the war.
In September 1945 she was ordered to Mare Island Naval Shipyard where she underwent pre-inactivation overhaul and was placed in commission in reserve 25 April 1946.
Barbero received two battle stars for her World War II service.
Following conversion to a cargo submarine at Mare Island, Barbero was recommissioned, her hull classification symbol changed to SSA-317, and assigned to the Pacific Fleet on 31 March 1948. Between October 1948 and March 1950 she took part in an experimental program to evaluate her capabilities as a cargo carrier. Experimentation ended in early 1950 and she was decommissioned into the reserve 30 June 1955.
On 1 February 1955, Barbero entered Mare Island Naval Shipyard for her second conversion, equipping her to launch Regulus nuclear cruise missiles. Her hull classification symbol was accordingly changed to SSG-317 and she was recommissioned on 28 October 1955. She operated off the coast of California until April 1956 when she transited the Panama Canal and joined the Atlantic Fleet.
Barbero conducted nuclear strategic deterrance patrols in the Atlantic for the next eight years, through the Cuban Missile Crisis and other heightening tensions of the Cold War.
In 1959 Barbero assisted the United States Postal Service (USPS) in its search for faster, more efficient forms of mail transportation with the first and only delivery of "Missile Mail." Shortly before noon on 8 June 1959, Barbero fired a Regulus cruise missile at the Naval Auxiliary Air Station, Mayport, Florida[?]. Twenty-two minutes later the missile struck its target; its nuclear warhead had been replaced by two official USPS mail containers.
Upon witnessing the missile's landing, Summerfield stated, "This peacetime employment of a guided missile for the important and practical purpose of carrying mail, is the first known official use of missiles by any Post Office Department of any nation." Summerfield proclaimed the event to be "of historic significance to the peoples of the entire world," and predicted that "before man reaches the moon, mail will be delivered within hours from New York to California, to Britain, to India or Australia by guided missiles. We stand on the threshold of rocket mail."
Barbero ended her nuclear strategic deterrance patrols and returned to the Pacific for decomissioning 30 June 1964. She was struck from the Naval Vessel Registry on 1 July 1964, prior to being used as a target and sunk by USS Greenfish (SS-351)[?] on 7 October 1964, off Pearl Harbor.