Karlheinz Brandenburg born 1954 in Erlangen, Germany is most known for inventing the audio compression scheme MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
He also authored a book called Applications of Digital Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics. He currently holds 24 different patents on audio coding techniques, with several more pending.
More info on Brandenburg (http://leonardo.telecomitalialab.com/icjfiles/mpeg-4_si/9-natural_audio_paper/authors.html)