A
folding camera is a
camera that can be folded to a compact and rugged package when not in use. The camera
objective[?] is attached to a
pantograph-like mechanism, in which the lid usually is a component. The objective extends to give correct
focus when unfolded. A cloth or
leather bellows keeps the light out. When folded, the camera has an excellent physical size to film size ratio. This feature was very appealing when the only film formats available were large or
medium format films.
Folding cameras were dominant from the beginning of the 20th century to WWII. The typical amateur camera of the 1930s was a folding 6 x 9 camera using either the 120 or 620 film size.
The use of folding cameras began to decline after WWII with the developement of the 35mm film format, which allowed the construction of small-sized cameras without use of a bellows.
Typical pre-war folding camera in unfolded and folded postures.
