Adenosine monophosphate

Adenosine monophosphate, also known as AMP, is the product of adenosine condensation with a single phosphate ion:

AMP can be produced during ATP synthesis by the enzyme adenylate kinase[?] by combining two ADP molecules:

2 ADP → ATP + AMP

Or AMP may be produced by the hydrolysis of one high energy phosphate bond of ADP:

ADP → AMP + P_i

AMP can also be formed by hydrolysis of ATP into AMP and pyrophosphate:

ATP → AMP + PP_i

When RNA is broken down by living systems, nucleoside monophosphates, including adenosine monophosphate, are formed.

AMP can be regenerated to ATP as follows:

AMP + ATP → 2 ADP (adenylate kinase in the opposite direction)

2 ADP + 2 P_i → 2 ATP (this step is most often performed in aerobes by the ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation)

AMP can be converted into IMP[?] by the enzyme myoadenylate deaminase[?], freeing an ammonia group.

In a catabolic pathway, adenosine monophosphate can be converted to uric acid, which is excreted from the body.